The digestive system

Today we looked at the human digestive system. We watched a short animation that helped us see how food travels through you body and what it does. We then had a sheet where we had to label the organs/parts of the digestive system.

 

Then we undertook an experiment to help us understand it.

In our pairs we started off with a plastic cup and fork. Miss Nicholson gave us food to mash. The fork demonstrated how teeth grinds up the food in the mouth. We were given banana, coco pops, cracker, crisps and sweetcorn. We mashed this all up then added water to represent the saliva. Saliva is a special chemical called enzymes which do the real work of breaking up the food and lubricates it so that it can be swallowed.

Once we made this watery past we swallowed the food down our esophagus (food tube) by emptying the cup into a sealed bag which was our stomach. Miss Nicholson came around with vinegar which was the stomach acid and we mashed our food some more to show the muscular contractions churning the food and mixing it with the digestive juices. Did you know that food can remain in the stomach for 3-4 hours.

After this process we emptied the contents of our stomach into a pair of tights, this represented our intestines. Digestion takes place in the small intestines. We showed this by squeezing the tights which took all the juices out. This was the nutrients we need for growth and energy leaving the intestines and flowing into the body. Food can be in the small intestines for 3 hours.

The food that we cannot digest along with bacteria turns into waste and passses into the large intestines, this was what was left at the bottom of the tights. The large intestines reabsorbs water in the blood and forms solid faeces. This can stay here for 18 hours upto 2 days! The waste is stored in the rectum until it is passed out of the body.

Did you know in your lifetime, your digestive system may have to process 50 tonnes of food! Now that’s a lot of food!!

 

Young Journalist of the Year visits Cullivoe Primary

This term we have all been learning about newspapers and the features of these. We know there is a headline which is the title of an article; this should be short, catchy and it can use alliteration, be humerous or serious. A byline is who wrote the article and what their job is. Orientation is the first paragraph in an article that grabs the readers attention; it is short and answers the questions: Who, What, Where and When. The main body of the article is written in past tense and uses the third person, it is presented columns and split into paragraphs. It gives you more details about what has happened and how it has happened. They have quotes of what people has said. There is usually a picture of what or who the article is about with a caption underneath that explains what is happening in the picture/who is in the picture and who took the picture. Re-orientation is the final paragraph that brings the article up to date, it is written in the present tense.

Daniel Lawson, who won Young Journalist of the Year in February, from BBC Radio Shetland came in to talk to us about being a journalist and althugh he doesn’t write newspaper articles he did discuss the different forms news takes: newspaper, tv news reports, radio, website, the ii (local). He also spoke of  where you find news. We discussed fake news too. He showed us some of the equipment he uses which was cool to see. It was really interesting and we thanked him very much for taking the time to come up to talk to us.

 

 

Fruit glorious fruit

Today we learned about knife skills and how to cut food properly. We all had an opportunity to have a go at cutting different fruits. We had a diverse range of fruits and tasted each one. There was:

  • papaya
  • avocado
  • black figs
  • watermelon
  • passion fruit
  • supersweet plums
  • mango
  • blueberries
  • pomegranate
  • lambrusca grapes
  • blackberries and cherries

We all tried everything, somethings we liked and others we didn’t like so much but at least we tried them! That’s the main thing!

We also discussed what a healthy diet is and why it is important!

We completed a worksheet at the end where we had to tick all the fruits we tried (everyone tried them all so they were all ticked) and then we had to place a tick in either the ‘I liked it’ or ‘I didn’t like it’ column. Some of put ticks between the two as we kind thought it was ok.There was a forth column asking us what it tasted like so we tried to answer all of these but some of them was hard as they didn’t really tast of much. At the bottom we showed our understanding by answering the question ‘What is a healthy diet?’ and the older children had a second question of ‘Why is it important to have a heatlhy diet?’

 

 

Speed Gun

Today Elaine Skinnley and a police officer called Rachel came up to talk to the JRSO’s. They talked to everyone first and explained what their jobs were before Rachel let us have a go at wearing her uniform. She put Miss Nicholson and Thorfinn in handcuffs!

They then took the new and old JRSOs outside to show them how to use a speed gun and let them have shot. Julie drove back and forth so they could all have a shot…people must have wondered what she was doing!

 

Mysterious item found on beach.

When we were cleaning up the Breckon beach there was something that was washing up on the shoreline. Mrs Lawson only had walking boots on so Miss Nicholson, who had her rubber boots on, went to fetch it for us so that no one got their feet wet. This is what we found…

We didn’t know what this was but we knew it was something growing on a buoy. Miss Nicholson took a photo of it and asked her ‘fishing’ friends to see if anyone could help us identify what this was before throwing it back in the sea as it wasn’t rubbish but something living so it was only fair to return it. Do you know what this is?

It turns out it is goose barnacles! Another name for them is stalked barnacles or gooseneck barnacles but their scientific name is Pedunculata. They are a filter-feeding crustacean that live attached to hard surfaces of rocks or on flotsam that have become dislodged from the sea bed and washed up on shore. They are usually found in quite deep water and live up to about 3 years! Apparently they are the unquestionable secret gem of Spanish seafood!

Cleaning up Breckon Beach

Yesterday we went to Breckon beach to clean up any rubbish lying around the beach. We walked there and then were given bags and the older children were paired up with the younger pupils and then set off to different parts of the beach so that we were spread out. We had 10 bags and although not all of them were full that was the most rubbish we had found in a couple of years. We all worked really well together and did a good job of cleaning up the beach. Andy Gear was there looking for dead birds as every month he does a survey for the RSPB so we spoke to him for a little while. There was a huge pipe that was just too big to carry so we had to leave that and will talk to some strong men to collect it. When we were about to leave a seal popped up to see us. We think he was come to say thank you for cleaning up his beach.

 

Bridge Challenge!

We’ve been working hard in our House Teams (co-operative learning groups) this afternoon designing a new bride for the 3 Billy Goats after theirs was destroyed in a storm!

We’ve worked together to look at different styles of bridges, design our own, consider our materials and discuss strengthening our original ideas. As well as being a valuable team member, we each have a role within the group. These are:
– Project Manager
– Resource Manager
– Peace Keeper
– Time Keeper
– Eco-Warrior
– Collection Officer

We’ve all started creating our bridges and can’t wait to finish them tomorrow afternoon! We will be testing them to see if they will withstand the 3 Billy Goats crossing them (how much weight they can hold!).

 

P7 sort out our library

The older pupils have been learning about the dewey system and how the books are sorted alphabetically during library time in Mid Yell. The primary 7 girls very kindly offered to give up their golden time today to make a start at sorting out our own school library. They have made a good start and will continue with this when they can. Thank you P7!

Tottie experiment

After undertaking the hand washing experiment last week and discussing the importance of why we wash our hands we decided to undertake another experiment as germs can be found everywhere, but some places have more germs than others. So this this experiment was used to see where germs are hidden.

This is what we did:

  • Miss Nicholson washed her hands, put gloves on and then cut a tottie into five equal pieces.
  • We took the first tottie piece and put it in a bag and sealed the bag. We used the marker to write on the bag and labelled this bag as our ‘control’. This is so that we can see what would happen to a tottie without anyone or anything touching it to be able to compare the others with it at the end of the experiment.
  • We then picked a surface, we decided on the classroom floor. Whilst wearing gloves we took a second piece of tottie and rubbed it on the floor. After this we placed the piece of tottie in a different bag, sealed it and labelled it with classroom floor.
  • We took the third tottie piece outside and lay it in a dirty puddle before placing it in a different bag and labelled it with outside after sealing the bag.
  • The fourth bit of tottie was passed around peoples bare hands but since we had washed our hands after the glitter experiment we thought we would rub the tottie on our arms as well as our hands. We then placed this tottie in a bag with a label ‘hands’
  • For the final bit of tottie we decided to rub this on the toilet! We placed this in a bag, sealed it and labelled toilet.
  • We then took all five bags and place them in a dark cupboard at room temperature in the classroom. We left them for a week.

After we put these away we wrote up what we did and our predictions as to what we thought would happen to the totties.

After the week had passed we pulled the bags out of the cupboard and look at the potato pieces. This is what we found:

  • The control tottie had a little white mould on it but hadn’t changed much.
  • The tottie that was rubbed on the classroom floor was brown with a little more white mould on it.
  • The tottie that was outside in a puddle was dirty, a little bendy and had more more mould starting around the edge. It had a bit of a skin on it so when you bent it the skin broke a little.
  • The tottie that was rubbed in the toilet went brown and had a skin on it. It was really quite bendy and when you bent it the skin started to crack and come off.
  • The tottie that everyone touched with their bare hands…had the biggest difference! It was squishy and had juice coming out of it. It smelt really bad too!!!

Once we looked at the totties we discussed the germs that are called mould or bacteria. The number of germs has grown so much that we didn’t need a microscope to see them. The mould that we could see on the control is important because it shows us how many germs already existed there. The other pieces started with this many germs but once they had touched other things the tottie picked up more germs.

After our discussion we wrote up our results and discussed whether our predictions were right, close or not what actually happened. The older pupils were really good at supporting the younger pupils.

We then started making posters to remember to wash our hands so that we can put these up around the school.

Germ Science – How Clean Are Your Hands?

On Tuesday we were learning the importance of hand washing and how to describe that germs may be present even if they are not seen.

Whatever we do, we come into contact with germs. It’s easy for a germ on your hand to end up in your mouth.Washing your hands is the best way to stop germs from spreading.

We think some of the best times to wash your hands are:

  • When your hands are dirty.
  • Before eating or touching food you are helping cook.
  • After using the bathroom.
  • After blowing your nose or coughing.
  • After touching pets or other animals.
  • After playing outside.
  • Before and after visiting a sick relative or friend.

We undertook an experiment to show the importance of why we should wash our hands. Here is the steps for this experiment:

  • 1. Put a drop of lotion on your hands and rub them together to spread the lotion out evenly.
  • 2. With your hands over newspaper, ask your partner to put a pinch of glitter in the palm of one of your hands.
  • 3. With your hands still over the newspaper, make a fist with the hand that has glitter on it, then spread your fingers out. (We had to say what we saw)
  • 4. Now press the palms of your hands together and pull them apart. (We then had to look at our hands and notice what happened)
  • 5. Touch your partner’s hand. (We noticed that the glitter moved onto our partners hands)
  • 6. Get a paper towel and use it to wipe your hands clean of all the glitter. (the paper towel only took some of the glitter off but it didn’t take it all off)
  • 7. After using the paper towel, try using soap and water to wash your hands. (After thoroughly washing our hands the glitter did come off – some of us had to go back and wash our hands again as we noticed one or two bits of glitter in between our fingers)

The glitter was acting the same way that the germs on our hands act. There are a lot of germs, they spread around easily, and it can be hard to get them off. The difference between the glitter and germs is that germs are so small you can’t see them without a microscope. You have to know when you may have come into contact with germs and then wash your hands.

If we accidently touched our mouth, nose, or eyes while doing this experiment, we may have found glitter getting left behind. Germs travel the same way and can easily enter our body if we touch our face with dirty hands and germs can make us sick. That’s why it’s important to wash our hands before we eat. It is also important to wash our hands after touching something that might have germs, such as when we use the bathroom or play outside. If we don’t, the germs can easily spread to more places and to other people and cause sickness.