Ceumannan 1 audio files

Ceumannan 1 – Blue Book Audio files 


modal 1 | aonad 1

    1. Hàllo, hàllo, hàllo! | Èist `ris an earrainn. Earrann 1

5. Dè an t-ainm an th’oirbh? | Èist `ris an earrainn. Earrann 2

8. Dealbhan | Èist ri Màiri agus Pòl. Earrann 3

Sùil air ais 4 Feasgar math! | Èist `ris an earrainn. Earrann 4

Remembering vocabulary with flashcards

Use the steps to help you learn and remember vocabulary.
1. Look carefully at one side of the card.

2. Say the word to yourself or out loud to practise pronunciation.

3. Recall the meaning of the word/phrase.

4. Turn over the card when you think you understand the word/phrase.

5. Check the word/picture. If you get it right, put it to one side. If you get it wrong, put it to the bottom of the pile and come back to it again.
You will find that the more often you do this, the quicker you will get through your cards.

The sound and spelling of some months can change when you put anns before them.

Notice that the sound and spelling of some months can change (lenition) when you put anns before them. Remember what happened when you put anns before a place name like:

An Gearasdan Fort William  >>> Anns a’ Ghearasdan in Fort William

The same happens with months, where it can:

Mar eisimplier:

An Gerran February >>> anns a’ Ghearran in February

Am Màrt March >>> anns a’ Mhàrt in March

If you want to ask what day it is today, you say: Dè an latha a th’ ann an-duigh.

To say what day it is today you say: ‘S e… a th’ann an-diugh.

If you want to check what day it is you say: An e … a th’ann an-diugh?


You have seen questions like this before.

Remember when you checked what something was, you asked: An e … a th’ann?

Mar eisimpleir:

An e Diluain a th’ann an-diugh? Is it Monday today?

Chan e… It’s not…

‘S e… It is…

But it has more than one word for the.

Gaelic may have no word for a, but it has more than one word for the. The word the in English
is called the definite article.
Mar eisimpleir:
am peann the pen,
an rùilear
the ruler.


Choosing which the to use in Gaelic before a noun depends on:

  • whether the noun is feminine or masculine
  • whether the noun is singular or plural
  • which letter the noun starts with.

The classroom objects you have been learning in this unit are all singular and masculine. Below are three words for the to use with masculine nouns.

am for nouns starting with b, f, m, p >>> am peansail the pencil
an t- for nouns starting with vowels >>> an t-aodach the clothes
an for nouns starting with any other letter >>> an leabhar the book

If the noun is feminine, the word for the will be:
a’ for nouns starting with b, c, g, m, p >>> a’ bhròg the shoe
an (+h) for nouns starting with f >>> an fhreagairt the answer
an t- for nouns starting with sl, sn, sr, s + vowel >>> an t-sràid the street
an for nouns starting with any other letter >>> an uinneag the window

If the noun is plural, the word for the will be: na
na brògan
na miotagan

An e…

To check what something is, you ask: An e… a th’ ann?
Mar eisimpleir: An e peansail a th’ ann? Is it a pencil?


You have seen questions beginning with An e…? before. To answer, you say:
’S e peansail a th’ ann. It is a pencil.
Chan e peansail a th’ ann. It’s not a pencil.
’S e. Yes, it is.
Chan e. No, it’s not.


Remember, whenever a question begins with An e…? always be ready with the answer ’S e or Chan e.

To say that something is mine.

To say that something is mine you say mo or m’, followed by the thing that you are talking about: mo pheansail.


To say that something is yours, you say do or d’, followed by the thing that you are talking about: do pheann.

peann >>> a pen
mo pheann >>> my pen
àireamhair >>> a calculator
m’ àireamhair my calculator
rùilear >>> a ruler
mo rùilear >>> my ruler

You will see that mo is shortened to m’ before a vowel or vowel sound.

If the noun following begins with an f, mo is shortened to m’ and an h is added to the noun:
m’ fhòn-làimhe.

Mo and do can change the word that comes after them. This is called lenition.

Try these when you want to say in my, in your etc:
na + mo = nam bhaga in my bag
na + mo = nam bheachd in my opinion
na + a = na bhaga in his bag
na + a = na baga in her bag

In Gaelic all nouns (things) are either masculine or feminine – even a pencil or a window!

When you use an adjective to describe a noun, the adjective usually comes after the noun.
Remember:

Madainn mhath! Good morning!

 


Feasgar math! Good afternoon!

If the noun is feminine, the sound and spelling of the adjective can change.
Mar eisimpleir:
Masculine nouns:

Calum beag
little Calum

geansaidh mòr
a big jumper

Feminine nouns:

Anna bheag
little Anna

lèine mhòr
a big shirt


Colours are adjectives too and therefore, the same rules apply. Mar eisimpleir:

geansaidh dearg
a red jumper

lèine dhearg
a red shirt

Therefore, we can tell that the word lèine is feminine and that geansaidh is masculine.

dà or dhà?

or dhà?

You are used to seeing the word dhà for two: dhà, dhà-dheug, fichead ’s a dhà…

But, you use the word  when you are talking about two things.

Notice what else happens when you use the word .

Mar eisimpleir:

fichead / twenty

dà fichead / two twenties

peansail / a pencil

dà peansail / two pencils

/ a dog

dà chù / two dogs

Replying to how old are you/they?

When someone wants to know your age, he/she will ask: Dè an aois a tha thu/sibh?

When you reply, you say: Tha mi…


When you want to ask someone else a person’s age you ask: Dè an aois a tha Calum? or Dè an aois a tha e?

The reply would be: Tha Calum còig-deug or Tha e còig-deug. or if it’s a girl: Dè an aois a tha Màiri? or Dè an aois a tha i?

The reply would be: Tha Màiri sia-deug or Tha i sia-deug.

When someone asks what age you are.

When someone asks what age you are, he/she will say: Dè an aois a tha thu?

When you ask his/her age in return, you put more emphasis on the question, just like you do in English: What age are you?

You do this by using fhèin.

Dè an aois a tha thu fhèin?

Also, remember to swap thu for sibh, if you are being polite or talking to more than one person.


Sometimes you will hear people use the words: bliadhna a dh’aois after their age.

Mar eisimpleir: Tha mi fichead bliadhna a dh’aois. I am twenty years old.

-ibh

You will notice that when the teacher is speaking to the whole class there is an -ibh at the end of verbs.

They say:

Thig a-steach! to one person but Thigibh a-steach! when he asks the whole class to come in.

Bi modhail! to one person but Bithibh modhail! when the whole class is misbehaving!

Mas e do thoil e is how you say please to someone you know well.

Mas e ur toil e is how you would say it to more than one person or to someone when being polite.

Còig ceumannan | Five steps

Does spelling matter? Yes!  
Use the five steps to learn how to spell any word.
1. LOOK carefully at the word for ten seconds.

2. SAY the word to yourself or aloud to practice pronunciation.

3. COVER the word when you think you have learned it. 

4. WRITE the word when you think you have learned it.

5. CHECK the word. If you get it wrong, go through the steps again.

Names, the vocative case.

You will notice that when people are talking in Gaelic and using each other’s names, the sound (and spelling) of most names change. This is called the vocative case.

Seòras becomes a Sheòrais.

Catrìona becomes a Chatrìona.

Names beginning with a vowel or l, n and r don’t change.


When someone calls your name, you should answer: Seadh. This is a bit like uh-huh in English.

MacDhòmhnaill or NicDhòmhnaill?

In Gaelic, you will often see surnames beginning with Mac or Nic.

Mac is for boys.

 

Nic is for girls.


In Gaelic, we use a different form of you when speaking to different people.

When speaking to someone around the same age as you, or someone younger, you say: Dè an t-ainm a th’ ort?

When speaking to someone older or being polite, you would say, Dè an t-ainm a th’ oirbh?

Practice Dè an t-ainm a th’ ort? on your friends and Dè an t-ainm a th’ oirbh? on your teacher and your parents.

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