Term |
Description |
Example |
Decimal Fraction |
A decimal fraction is similar to a fraction. It represents part of a whole.
Just like in whole numbers, each digit in a decimal fraction has its own value. The position of a digit tells us its value. Decimal fractions sit between whole numbers on a number line. |
In the number 8∙234, the 2 has a value of 2/10 (2 tenths)
In the number 8∙324, the 2 has a value of 2/100 (2 hundredths)
In the number 8∙342, the 2 has a value of 2/1000 (2 thousandths)
![](https://glow-prod-an.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/an/public/familylearning/uploads/sites/1420/2019/05/Screenshot-2019-05-02-at-10.18.27-300x53.png?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEMn%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaCWV1LXdlc3QtMSJHMEUCIFkkNq1UeiAyKlwX09%2BxRbMg21Z5MWFW9AbX5EwYPQ0MAiEAvel0o5y6bdycNCLZqMjSGsRyV%2FVUcSP332oapHySwIAqwQUIkv%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FARAFGgwyNzM1NzAxOTU0MzMiDFb9frS%2FYQ6RJI1LYiqVBXX8qWsjTRX1UQbhmJfngIXT3YIAXemaYF5gYCJhGQ4unAIj5bwXm9L1vPrszcgTRn8avFlBHBBglJlYEQaYFSRXdGpfgcSZR0BTzGqx6gykAtbLBnDD4N8MkNm%2BhAqsQXs%2F5hThtUWnM2Xi6cptg6yw3lW3cxn%2Byx439hGmPaFRH9nWFV5BQuM6HzhGScLVWVjO2QnRTqQq%2Fei1SZi8RzP3qHsPBLoc7wPWgWxLLvhHNkSYEYGSMG0oqqax4e83rI9nkXp0FZAU6gpFg2Kl2oFCYPQypf1o0nj1st6A4P0YJS%2Fm1LbYQMr4rmpjV%2BuwS8j0a77imomxmBURp%2F6Ka07lNmSBHk9pjDgMt1ec9FLxOIXrJU%2B8QFtDnjwxJta6iEYvsFn1OqKT97htOZrQf3QDrm5XlnqleX9Jlaa1yNwgILnPPAgll0i6TAU%2BZI8wp1V8k9wWLktF6Fhzyqe05UXGr7ttVlyqaneHqxpCG%2BrnxWufKwS%2BBVPV0h6E0yuh7UfiZSbzDiEVi94z%2BllGrjK20VPyzME1Mhg64WhO9Wxi846tz4S0BDMEW2cq2YVY0QXru9oaKB0U6HqvNm5Kje%2B%2FWz4c0IUn1RpYWCIeKr2dabTj1XAFeG9F2ZD%2BUsqTy%2FV5y54bCkXq8E2952bQlQeorM3DPdZ6nQho3AxNoM2%2FYtVrRwZXVFTsJBqZmwOdfnpAQf3B3y4Xu8CdSGOrkO7GJc5MpcrpAsVxhSO1avlhkS%2BS1HqkHdg%2BI8JomTNTrjq2rrxFdSs3bUFm6mj04wvxerMIC19yN%2Bdl2Nhpcy17Ndcq5zs5NFiYiUjjjquXli59ATID27aiDOzPoJBShn4xM%2FTNWEbgklFep43yoZmzN8jQ2GUwy9jKtAY6sQF2RKLZ9x9%2Ba12xbySPKizvIzvNP4Y8IqX30vceOeinRwLw%2FLisZ%2FrKS%2BLz0u1GzjBxjbAOZFnAiAKvW8FG6j35etgWb1bUffJzUROuXVozwdtSnlP025uDHQRP4zx2Rabo20Rql5BnMO2t0TJynCL5XYqTiZWliBhIzVbzA2p7HrmZ%2B8d2Rv6RlslB6BPAYyqYqXwKNtVqs8dZBQacCeUvYLbMrmVQ4IpCaYEsQdPRqlo%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAT7MQN47U26V3EXOI%2F20240713%2Feu-west-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240713T165408Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=900&X-Amz-Signature=556f12f7511f447567b82242d582e27cabcc9afe2de36aa272cb0ce11472f055)
|
Decimal Point |
A decimal point separates the whole numbers from the parts in a decimal fraction. |
Twenty-five hundredths (25/100) of the rectangle is green
![](https://blogs.glowscotland.org.uk/an/public/familylearning/uploads/sites/1420/2019/05/Screenshot-2019-05-02-at-10.20.45.png)
We write 0∙25.
We say zero point two five. |
Factor |
A number is a factor if it divides exactly into a number without leaving a remainder.
Factors shared by more than one number are known as common factors. |
The factors of 12 are: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12.
The factors of 30 are: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 15 and 30.
So the common factors of 12 and 30 are: 1, 2, 3 and 6 . |
Multiple |
A multiple is the result of multiplying a number by a whole or negative number. For example, 15 is a multiple of 5 and 3 because
5 x 3 = 15
16 is not a multiple of 5 as no number can be multiplied by 5 to give 16. Being able to skip count in multiples is useful when multiplying, e.g. 4, 8, 12, 16, 20….. A number that is common to two or more numbers is known as a common multiple. |
Some multiples of 2 are: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 …
Some multiples of 3 are: 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 …
So, some common multiples of 2 and 3 are 6, 12 and 18.
Talk to your child about the patterns that he or she notices |
Negative Number |
Negative numbers are whole numbers below zero.
Negative numbers are usually written with a minus sign in front. |
-5 means minus five or negative five.
Talk with your child about where and how negative numbers are used in daily life. |
Percentage |
Percent means parts per 100.
When writing percentages we use the
symbol %
One whole = 100% |
75 of the 100 boxes are white
75% of the diagram is white. |
Product |
When we multiply two or more numbers together the answer is the product. |
10 is the product of 5 x 2 |
Simplest form |
When a fraction has been simplified (reduced until it can be reduced no further) the fraction is in its simplest form.
We cannot divide 3 and 4 by the same number so ¾ is 9/12 in its simplest form. |
Look at this example:![](https://blogs.glowscotland.org.uk/an/public/familylearning/uploads/sites/1420/2019/05/Screenshot-2019-05-02-at-10.23.36.png) |
Simplify |
To simplify a fraction we divide the top number (numerator) and the bottom number (denominator) by the same number. For example, 12/48.
Talk with your child about 12/48 could be cancelled down to its simplest form in fewer steps. What would they need to divide both 12 and 48 by to find 12/48 in its simplest form in only one step? |
Both 12 and 48 can be divided by 2 which gives 6/24.
We can divide both 6 and 24 by 2 to give us 3/12.
Both 3 and 12 can be divided by 3 to give ¼.
¼ is 12/48 in its simplest form. |
Square number |
A square number (also called a perfect square) is a number that can be represented in the shape of a square. Square numbers are formed by multiplying a number by itself. The symbol for ‘squared’ is ²
For example:
5² means 5 x 5 = 25 (the square number is 25)
7² means 7 x 7 = 49 (the square number is 49) |
The square numbers of 1, 2, 3 and 4 are shown here:![](https://glow-prod-an.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/an/public/familylearning/uploads/sites/1420/2019/05/Screenshot-2019-05-02-at-10.25.19-300x111.png?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEMn%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaCWV1LXdlc3QtMSJHMEUCIFkkNq1UeiAyKlwX09%2BxRbMg21Z5MWFW9AbX5EwYPQ0MAiEAvel0o5y6bdycNCLZqMjSGsRyV%2FVUcSP332oapHySwIAqwQUIkv%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FARAFGgwyNzM1NzAxOTU0MzMiDFb9frS%2FYQ6RJI1LYiqVBXX8qWsjTRX1UQbhmJfngIXT3YIAXemaYF5gYCJhGQ4unAIj5bwXm9L1vPrszcgTRn8avFlBHBBglJlYEQaYFSRXdGpfgcSZR0BTzGqx6gykAtbLBnDD4N8MkNm%2BhAqsQXs%2F5hThtUWnM2Xi6cptg6yw3lW3cxn%2Byx439hGmPaFRH9nWFV5BQuM6HzhGScLVWVjO2QnRTqQq%2Fei1SZi8RzP3qHsPBLoc7wPWgWxLLvhHNkSYEYGSMG0oqqax4e83rI9nkXp0FZAU6gpFg2Kl2oFCYPQypf1o0nj1st6A4P0YJS%2Fm1LbYQMr4rmpjV%2BuwS8j0a77imomxmBURp%2F6Ka07lNmSBHk9pjDgMt1ec9FLxOIXrJU%2B8QFtDnjwxJta6iEYvsFn1OqKT97htOZrQf3QDrm5XlnqleX9Jlaa1yNwgILnPPAgll0i6TAU%2BZI8wp1V8k9wWLktF6Fhzyqe05UXGr7ttVlyqaneHqxpCG%2BrnxWufKwS%2BBVPV0h6E0yuh7UfiZSbzDiEVi94z%2BllGrjK20VPyzME1Mhg64WhO9Wxi846tz4S0BDMEW2cq2YVY0QXru9oaKB0U6HqvNm5Kje%2B%2FWz4c0IUn1RpYWCIeKr2dabTj1XAFeG9F2ZD%2BUsqTy%2FV5y54bCkXq8E2952bQlQeorM3DPdZ6nQho3AxNoM2%2FYtVrRwZXVFTsJBqZmwOdfnpAQf3B3y4Xu8CdSGOrkO7GJc5MpcrpAsVxhSO1avlhkS%2BS1HqkHdg%2BI8JomTNTrjq2rrxFdSs3bUFm6mj04wvxerMIC19yN%2Bdl2Nhpcy17Ndcq5zs5NFiYiUjjjquXli59ATID27aiDOzPoJBShn4xM%2FTNWEbgklFep43yoZmzN8jQ2GUwy9jKtAY6sQF2RKLZ9x9%2Ba12xbySPKizvIzvNP4Y8IqX30vceOeinRwLw%2FLisZ%2FrKS%2BLz0u1GzjBxjbAOZFnAiAKvW8FG6j35etgWb1bUffJzUROuXVozwdtSnlP025uDHQRP4zx2Rabo20Rql5BnMO2t0TJynCL5XYqTiZWliBhIzVbzA2p7HrmZ%2B8d2Rv6RlslB6BPAYyqYqXwKNtVqs8dZBQacCeUvYLbMrmVQ4IpCaYEsQdPRqlo%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAT7MQN47U26V3EXOI%2F20240713%2Feu-west-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240713T165408Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=900&X-Amz-Signature=8f7921f6167c3ed85ae6d478573790c19775f106c0a45e146b14a4f21875ba28) |
Square root |
The square root is the number that has been multiplied by itself (squared) to give the square number. For example,
8 × 8 = 64 so the square root of 64 is 8.
The symbol for square root is √ |
This is how we write a square root sum:![](https://glow-prod-an.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/an/public/familylearning/uploads/sites/1420/2019/05/Screenshot-2019-05-02-at-10.25.26-300x123.png?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEMn%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaCWV1LXdlc3QtMSJHMEUCIFkkNq1UeiAyKlwX09%2BxRbMg21Z5MWFW9AbX5EwYPQ0MAiEAvel0o5y6bdycNCLZqMjSGsRyV%2FVUcSP332oapHySwIAqwQUIkv%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FARAFGgwyNzM1NzAxOTU0MzMiDFb9frS%2FYQ6RJI1LYiqVBXX8qWsjTRX1UQbhmJfngIXT3YIAXemaYF5gYCJhGQ4unAIj5bwXm9L1vPrszcgTRn8avFlBHBBglJlYEQaYFSRXdGpfgcSZR0BTzGqx6gykAtbLBnDD4N8MkNm%2BhAqsQXs%2F5hThtUWnM2Xi6cptg6yw3lW3cxn%2Byx439hGmPaFRH9nWFV5BQuM6HzhGScLVWVjO2QnRTqQq%2Fei1SZi8RzP3qHsPBLoc7wPWgWxLLvhHNkSYEYGSMG0oqqax4e83rI9nkXp0FZAU6gpFg2Kl2oFCYPQypf1o0nj1st6A4P0YJS%2Fm1LbYQMr4rmpjV%2BuwS8j0a77imomxmBURp%2F6Ka07lNmSBHk9pjDgMt1ec9FLxOIXrJU%2B8QFtDnjwxJta6iEYvsFn1OqKT97htOZrQf3QDrm5XlnqleX9Jlaa1yNwgILnPPAgll0i6TAU%2BZI8wp1V8k9wWLktF6Fhzyqe05UXGr7ttVlyqaneHqxpCG%2BrnxWufKwS%2BBVPV0h6E0yuh7UfiZSbzDiEVi94z%2BllGrjK20VPyzME1Mhg64WhO9Wxi846tz4S0BDMEW2cq2YVY0QXru9oaKB0U6HqvNm5Kje%2B%2FWz4c0IUn1RpYWCIeKr2dabTj1XAFeG9F2ZD%2BUsqTy%2FV5y54bCkXq8E2952bQlQeorM3DPdZ6nQho3AxNoM2%2FYtVrRwZXVFTsJBqZmwOdfnpAQf3B3y4Xu8CdSGOrkO7GJc5MpcrpAsVxhSO1avlhkS%2BS1HqkHdg%2BI8JomTNTrjq2rrxFdSs3bUFm6mj04wvxerMIC19yN%2Bdl2Nhpcy17Ndcq5zs5NFiYiUjjjquXli59ATID27aiDOzPoJBShn4xM%2FTNWEbgklFep43yoZmzN8jQ2GUwy9jKtAY6sQF2RKLZ9x9%2Ba12xbySPKizvIzvNP4Y8IqX30vceOeinRwLw%2FLisZ%2FrKS%2BLz0u1GzjBxjbAOZFnAiAKvW8FG6j35etgWb1bUffJzUROuXVozwdtSnlP025uDHQRP4zx2Rabo20Rql5BnMO2t0TJynCL5XYqTiZWliBhIzVbzA2p7HrmZ%2B8d2Rv6RlslB6BPAYyqYqXwKNtVqs8dZBQacCeUvYLbMrmVQ4IpCaYEsQdPRqlo%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAT7MQN47U26V3EXOI%2F20240713%2Feu-west-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20240713T165408Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=900&X-Amz-Signature=5c104534c4514ef7b6aa683894b71e1b1a1bee0e4fa40203b69adbeba73a0996) |