What is ASD?
Autism (also referred to as autism spectrum disorder (ASD)) is the term applied to a range of neuro-developmental conditions which all affect how an individual communicates and relates to other people. Research carried out in Scotland estimated that there are approximately 44,000 autistic people in Scotland.
There is consensus that autism exists on a spectrum and that it affects individuals differently; there can be no ‘one-size-fits-all’ definition. The challenges faced by autistic people take many forms and can affect an individual’s physical and mental health, engagement in education, access to employment and services and participation in social and cultural activities. (The Scottish Government: Scottish Strategy for Autism)
Another helpful definition:
Autism Is A Complex Neurodevelopmental Condition
It is characterised by differences in social skills, communication and behaviour.
This means that people with Autism experience differences in the way they communicate and interact socially, and their behaviour may be repetitive or highly focussed (the term ‘restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviour’ is often used to describe this). People with Autism also tend to experience differences with their senses that can affect the way they feel about and respond to their surroundings. Autism is not a disease or illness.
Autism is also known as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). ‘Spectrum’ refers to the wide range of characteristics, skills and abilities that different people with Autism have. No two people are affected by Autism in exactly the same way. Every person experiences Autism differently and has different support needs. Although the core characteristics of Autism can cause a range of challenges, it is important to recognise that they can also result in unique skills and capabilities.
What support might look like in school
- consistent routines that are clearly communicated – this may involve the use of a visual timetable
- positive relationships with key adults encouraged – often working closely with pupil support assistants
- any change to routines or staffing clearly communicated
- visuals used to communicate throughout the day i.e to allow child to express how they are feeling and what help or support they may need
- brain breaks built into timetable
- sensory needs identified and supported i.e providing ear defenders or a quiet space if this is preferred
- social stories used to encourage positive interactions with others or to prepare for change (i.e class trip or Christmas show)
- social skills games and activities
Support and information for parents and carers
The National Autistic Society, Scotland
https://www.autism.org.uk/what-we-do/scotland
Perth Autism Support (although based in Perth they offer training courses – some of which are online. They have also taken part in activities outwith Perth so worth following on social media.)
