{"id":2284,"date":"2019-04-15T14:54:40","date_gmt":"2019-04-15T13:54:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/nl\/ColtnessHS-ComputingScience\/?p=2284"},"modified":"2019-04-15T14:57:29","modified_gmt":"2019-04-15T13:57:29","slug":"n5-cs-computer-structure","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/nl\/ColtnessHS-ComputingScience\/2019\/04\/15\/n5-cs-computer-structure\/","title":{"rendered":"N5 &#8211; CS &#8211; Computer Structure"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Describe the purpose of the basic computer architecture components and how they are linked together:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Processor <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Control Unit<\/strong> \u2013 controls the sequencing of fetching, decoding and executing instructions.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Arithmetic Logic Unit<\/strong> \u2013 performs all calculations and logical operations<\/li>\n<li><strong>Registers<\/strong> \u2013 temporary memory locations within the processor.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Memory locations with unique addresses <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>All memory locations within RAM is given a unique address so that the computer can read and write data to that location correctly.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Buses<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Buses are used to move data around as binary inside the computer system<\/li>\n<li><strong>Address Bus <\/strong>\u2013 this transfers the memory location that is going to read from or written to.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Data Bus<\/strong> \u2013 this transfers the data between the processor and memory, and vice-versa.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Explain the need for interpreters and compilers to translate high-level program code to binary.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Computers can only understand binary and therefore all instructions must be translated into binary before they can be executed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Interpreter<\/strong> \u2013 translates one program line into machine code and executes immediately. Machine code is not retained, so must be translated each time, the Interpreter must therefore be resident in memory.\n<ul>\n<li>Good for testing, errors are highlighted straight away.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Compiler<\/strong> \u2013 All lines are translate to machine code, this machine code version is then saved and can be executed. Machine code can be run again, and again without further translation.\n<ul>\n<li>Used for programs that are ready for release.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Describe the purpose of the basic computer architecture components and how they are linked together: Processor Control Unit \u2013 controls the sequencing of fetching, decoding and executing instructions. Arithmetic Logic Unit \u2013 performs all calculations and logical operations Registers \u2013 temporary memory locations within the processor. \u00a0 Memory locations with unique addresses All memory locations &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":1385,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17938,432080,432053],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2284","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-computerstructure","category-computer-systems-2","category-national-5-2"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/nl\/public\/ColtnessHS-ComputingScience\/uploads\/sites\/12638\/2016\/09\/Slide3.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/nl\/ColtnessHS-ComputingScience\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2284","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/nl\/ColtnessHS-ComputingScience\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/nl\/ColtnessHS-ComputingScience\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/nl\/ColtnessHS-ComputingScience\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/nl\/ColtnessHS-ComputingScience\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2284"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/nl\/ColtnessHS-ComputingScience\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2284\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2289,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/nl\/ColtnessHS-ComputingScience\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2284\/revisions\/2289"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/nl\/ColtnessHS-ComputingScience\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1385"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/nl\/ColtnessHS-ComputingScience\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2284"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/nl\/ColtnessHS-ComputingScience\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2284"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/nl\/ColtnessHS-ComputingScience\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2284"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}