1. Which chromosome structure mutation involves a section of one chromosome becoming detached and joined to a different chromosome?
A deletion
B duplication
C inversion
D translocation
2. Which of the following statements about cell differentiation is correct?
A Meristems are regions of differentiated cell types in plants.
B Embryonic stem cells can differentiaten into a limited range of cell types.
C A differentiated cell only expresses genes that produce proteins characteristic of that cell type.
D Adult tissue stem cells can differentiate into all cell types.
3. The Graph below shows the change in number of human stem cells in a culture. The activity of the enzyme glutaminase present
in the cells over an eight day period is also shown.
How many units of glutaminase activity were recorded when the cell number was 50% of its maximum over the eight day period?
A 3
B 4
C 8
D 9
4. The diagram below shows a section of a chromosome and the locations of ten genes.
A mutation during cell division resulted in the following sequence of genes on the same chromosome.
The type of mutation involved in this example is
A deletion
B translocation
C duplication
D inversion.
5. Which of the following is not an example of a chromosome structure mutation?
A Insertion
B Duplication
C Translocation
D Inversion
6.It is thought that the plains viscacha rat has evolved from a closely related species which had 56 chromosomes in its body cells.
An egg cell from a plains viscacha rat has 56 chromosomes. How many sets of chromosomes are in the body cells of the plains viscacha rat?
A 2
B 4
C 56
D 112
7. Different varieties of banana can have different numbers of chromosome sets in their cells. Banana flesh contains carotenoids and different varieties have different carotenoid contents. Extracts of five different varieties of banana were placed in a colorimeter to measure the transmission of light through them. The darker the flesh the lower the percentage of light transmitted.
The results are shown in the table below.
(a) Describe the relationship between carotenoid content and darkness of flesh.
(b) (i) Express as the simplest whole number ratio the average carotenoid content of the diploid to that of the triploid varieties.
(ii) It has been suggested that additional carotenoid content in the diet gives humans increased protection against certain cancers. Calculate the mass of carotenoid which would be found in a 125 g sample of Figo Cinza flesh.
(iii) Using the information given in the table above, decide if the statement below is true or false. State your choice (T or F) and give a reason for your answer.
“Banana varieties with increased numbers of chromosome sets have increased carotenoid content in their cells.”
