{"id":30,"date":"2015-03-02T10:48:16","date_gmt":"2015-03-02T10:48:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/?page_id=30"},"modified":"2026-04-23T12:28:35","modified_gmt":"2026-04-23T12:28:35","slug":"exercise-3_4","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/exercise-3_4\/","title":{"rendered":"Exercise 3_4"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/public\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/uploads\/sites\/5113\/2026\/04\/23115535\/Semicinductors-1-3.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-71\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/public\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/uploads\/sites\/5113\/2026\/04\/23115535\/Semicinductors-1-3.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"479\" height=\"444\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/public\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/uploads\/sites\/5113\/2026\/04\/23115535\/Semicinductors-1-3.png 479w, https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/public\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/uploads\/sites\/5113\/2026\/04\/23115535\/Semicinductors-1-3-300x278.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 479px) 100vw, 479px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/public\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/uploads\/sites\/5113\/2026\/04\/23115157\/Semiconductors-Q4.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-70\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/public\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/uploads\/sites\/5113\/2026\/04\/23115157\/Semiconductors-Q4.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"778\" height=\"420\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/public\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/uploads\/sites\/5113\/2026\/04\/23115157\/Semiconductors-Q4.png 778w, https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/public\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/uploads\/sites\/5113\/2026\/04\/23115157\/Semiconductors-Q4-300x162.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/public\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/uploads\/sites\/5113\/2026\/04\/23115157\/Semiconductors-Q4-768x415.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 778px) 100vw, 778px\" \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/public\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/uploads\/sites\/5113\/2015\/03\/Picture2.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-35\" src=\"https:\/\/glow-prod-gc.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/gc\/public\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/uploads\/sites\/5113\/2015\/03\/Picture2-845x1024.jpg?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&#038;X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEFAaCWV1LXdlc3QtMSJHMEUCIAbAMLgk2A8f1LON%2B5zkq45sM%2BvO%2B0n%2FamnrvD66J%2FNzAiEArkX1p4PzKmZQ6bjngWgyGFsSubWTNsaeHl6wOt%2BTj7cquQUIGRAFGgwyNzM1NzAxOTU0MzMiDL0xQxqmnnYBHRxt4SqWBbdfjy4Fa9Dp1hXXYdoS2RTHWQxiSU%2FVAAtce7vggXS0sfmY%2BQ34VpYzin%2FH3pDJvX7g8lGJceMwC6n0sLFk5e9rBDYeOb7HP4ad4lds3BJHPcYCTAzLEARSHuMw76cF87lUp13ips%2F6XagN85qKk5AuWvwAYl%2BRdRnAZOg0SUbgGmGj4QLwp0e%2FKGsdz0UniM24QqbsKoCZC8aUti4g%2Fe2h261kUOkv3dtNxLFn9nGaiQ6Xflbkkbi0kY2l7FicN3B8AOsOhBFBENJyknWVbTjez9dOclm4Knta5fIdEjUJL8wnUeHonmtjWx%2Fpg659UJXjqLoNQMMev7k%2FIVrDVfV8OaXhRjeNCxW3qxh67v8qWvfY2DFuxvHPmLbZC70I6E042p5Sg7FR86fXGnISsoWTtVU0koKXOSjp9yVtlP4qQSKBaM5lsMF%2BJHHnvpF3EdckTsLqgpaREELW4jrzx7y4cfDpL35awUEIc5X%2F6R1bRNT%2BkxKpVZDSe2eQP1opE7AvoCn3pJpnqVFCcDudpwxKOvCRPtKooXKlybIWU8m1wgK8nE6RWHOnCepN0bM2i0iSMhcMpxHDb4A%2BekEG%2FkcJ%2B8ccz%2BUauYqXmImdlXfTenYbg9Nfqe2m553RMt7eC7yiKHSiv%2BhaA8u%2F4Uf5Kk6MpjfwsPqbLN9%2Bq2yCI0KggxOFSaG51T7w6Aw6OKT9emq31cTX8Y5FvOAY9JMcrajyZzrne2mffITeS3UVh8oVg8bsaR8kRMsKki%2BRD6iub%2F3zTvxvj%2BUXJSEdiQy8%2B4DQ79jGYiZ%2FC17t%2FO8PKb7IW%2BEHHiqD893A6dH1jzX5OMfVddsHmb3utzJvUdQCGifs4SrB4%2F612d8x8hzn%2FpELQwLTjhktMKn9i9cGOrEBO5RwRDv9aO2N1j0KeiKdXr%2BjgGFtTySaGMmAQH7yXaUk%2BtHTQAGGts3Pw0PNLENZvfRrCEN2w0ANqa%2B8n5HrYwV2nthhY6YFZheQd1Ztvyu%2BQIXVmWQCs3bkZZAQ%2FkPE%2F2fF62ggonqrO9PtIpCM7SPOtyoRBhZHCYbkQZVAHjy5CY7GRzuY6tRC0JRIR3AhLrv6aC4P40PeIo1lEGMqsorYigmsftpQSmOGWwL2uCRU&#038;X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&#038;X-Amz-Credential=ASIAT7MQN47UQBKDGHSF%2F20261029%2Feu-west-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&#038;X-Amz-Date=20261029T081018Z&#038;X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&#038;X-Amz-Expires=900&#038;X-Amz-Signature=acda9b5d10da8092356b6bc197449aac501d551d133b94fe4357db735d1b916c\" alt=\"Picture2\" width=\"695\" height=\"842\" srcset=\"https:\/\/glow-prod-gc.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/gc\/public\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/uploads\/sites\/5113\/2015\/03\/Picture2-845x1024.jpg?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&amp;X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEFAaCWV1LXdlc3QtMSJHMEUCIAbAMLgk2A8f1LON%2B5zkq45sM%2BvO%2B0n%2FamnrvD66J%2FNzAiEArkX1p4PzKmZQ6bjngWgyGFsSubWTNsaeHl6wOt%2BTj7cquQUIGRAFGgwyNzM1NzAxOTU0MzMiDL0xQxqmnnYBHRxt4SqWBbdfjy4Fa9Dp1hXXYdoS2RTHWQxiSU%2FVAAtce7vggXS0sfmY%2BQ34VpYzin%2FH3pDJvX7g8lGJceMwC6n0sLFk5e9rBDYeOb7HP4ad4lds3BJHPcYCTAzLEARSHuMw76cF87lUp13ips%2F6XagN85qKk5AuWvwAYl%2BRdRnAZOg0SUbgGmGj4QLwp0e%2FKGsdz0UniM24QqbsKoCZC8aUti4g%2Fe2h261kUOkv3dtNxLFn9nGaiQ6Xflbkkbi0kY2l7FicN3B8AOsOhBFBENJyknWVbTjez9dOclm4Knta5fIdEjUJL8wnUeHonmtjWx%2Fpg659UJXjqLoNQMMev7k%2FIVrDVfV8OaXhRjeNCxW3qxh67v8qWvfY2DFuxvHPmLbZC70I6E042p5Sg7FR86fXGnISsoWTtVU0koKXOSjp9yVtlP4qQSKBaM5lsMF%2BJHHnvpF3EdckTsLqgpaREELW4jrzx7y4cfDpL35awUEIc5X%2F6R1bRNT%2BkxKpVZDSe2eQP1opE7AvoCn3pJpnqVFCcDudpwxKOvCRPtKooXKlybIWU8m1wgK8nE6RWHOnCepN0bM2i0iSMhcMpxHDb4A%2BekEG%2FkcJ%2B8ccz%2BUauYqXmImdlXfTenYbg9Nfqe2m553RMt7eC7yiKHSiv%2BhaA8u%2F4Uf5Kk6MpjfwsPqbLN9%2Bq2yCI0KggxOFSaG51T7w6Aw6OKT9emq31cTX8Y5FvOAY9JMcrajyZzrne2mffITeS3UVh8oVg8bsaR8kRMsKki%2BRD6iub%2F3zTvxvj%2BUXJSEdiQy8%2B4DQ79jGYiZ%2FC17t%2FO8PKb7IW%2BEHHiqD893A6dH1jzX5OMfVddsHmb3utzJvUdQCGifs4SrB4%2F612d8x8hzn%2FpELQwLTjhktMKn9i9cGOrEBO5RwRDv9aO2N1j0KeiKdXr%2BjgGFtTySaGMmAQH7yXaUk%2BtHTQAGGts3Pw0PNLENZvfRrCEN2w0ANqa%2B8n5HrYwV2nthhY6YFZheQd1Ztvyu%2BQIXVmWQCs3bkZZAQ%2FkPE%2F2fF62ggonqrO9PtIpCM7SPOtyoRBhZHCYbkQZVAHjy5CY7GRzuY6tRC0JRIR3AhLrv6aC4P40PeIo1lEGMqsorYigmsftpQSmOGWwL2uCRU&amp;X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&amp;X-Amz-Credential=ASIAT7MQN47UQBKDGHSF%2F20261029%2Feu-west-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&amp;X-Amz-Date=20261029T081018Z&amp;X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&amp;X-Amz-Expires=900&amp;X-Amz-Signature=acda9b5d10da8092356b6bc197449aac501d551d133b94fe4357db735d1b916c 845w, https:\/\/glow-prod-gc.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com\/gc\/public\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/uploads\/sites\/5113\/2015\/03\/Picture2-247x300.jpg?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&amp;X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEFAaCWV1LXdlc3QtMSJHMEUCIAbAMLgk2A8f1LON%2B5zkq45sM%2BvO%2B0n%2FamnrvD66J%2FNzAiEArkX1p4PzKmZQ6bjngWgyGFsSubWTNsaeHl6wOt%2BTj7cquQUIGRAFGgwyNzM1NzAxOTU0MzMiDL0xQxqmnnYBHRxt4SqWBbdfjy4Fa9Dp1hXXYdoS2RTHWQxiSU%2FVAAtce7vggXS0sfmY%2BQ34VpYzin%2FH3pDJvX7g8lGJceMwC6n0sLFk5e9rBDYeOb7HP4ad4lds3BJHPcYCTAzLEARSHuMw76cF87lUp13ips%2F6XagN85qKk5AuWvwAYl%2BRdRnAZOg0SUbgGmGj4QLwp0e%2FKGsdz0UniM24QqbsKoCZC8aUti4g%2Fe2h261kUOkv3dtNxLFn9nGaiQ6Xflbkkbi0kY2l7FicN3B8AOsOhBFBENJyknWVbTjez9dOclm4Knta5fIdEjUJL8wnUeHonmtjWx%2Fpg659UJXjqLoNQMMev7k%2FIVrDVfV8OaXhRjeNCxW3qxh67v8qWvfY2DFuxvHPmLbZC70I6E042p5Sg7FR86fXGnISsoWTtVU0koKXOSjp9yVtlP4qQSKBaM5lsMF%2BJHHnvpF3EdckTsLqgpaREELW4jrzx7y4cfDpL35awUEIc5X%2F6R1bRNT%2BkxKpVZDSe2eQP1opE7AvoCn3pJpnqVFCcDudpwxKOvCRPtKooXKlybIWU8m1wgK8nE6RWHOnCepN0bM2i0iSMhcMpxHDb4A%2BekEG%2FkcJ%2B8ccz%2BUauYqXmImdlXfTenYbg9Nfqe2m553RMt7eC7yiKHSiv%2BhaA8u%2F4Uf5Kk6MpjfwsPqbLN9%2Bq2yCI0KggxOFSaG51T7w6Aw6OKT9emq31cTX8Y5FvOAY9JMcrajyZzrne2mffITeS3UVh8oVg8bsaR8kRMsKki%2BRD6iub%2F3zTvxvj%2BUXJSEdiQy8%2B4DQ79jGYiZ%2FC17t%2FO8PKb7IW%2BEHHiqD893A6dH1jzX5OMfVddsHmb3utzJvUdQCGifs4SrB4%2F612d8x8hzn%2FpELQwLTjhktMKn9i9cGOrEBO5RwRDv9aO2N1j0KeiKdXr%2BjgGFtTySaGMmAQH7yXaUk%2BtHTQAGGts3Pw0PNLENZvfRrCEN2w0ANqa%2B8n5HrYwV2nthhY6YFZheQd1Ztvyu%2BQIXVmWQCs3bkZZAQ%2FkPE%2F2fF62ggonqrO9PtIpCM7SPOtyoRBhZHCYbkQZVAHjy5CY7GRzuY6tRC0JRIR3AhLrv6aC4P40PeIo1lEGMqsorYigmsftpQSmOGWwL2uCRU&amp;X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&amp;X-Amz-Credential=ASIAT7MQN47UQBKDGHSF%2F20261029%2Feu-west-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&amp;X-Amz-Date=20261029T081018Z&amp;X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&amp;X-Amz-Expires=900&amp;X-Amz-Signature=fa4f67eedb1af2b63fc11b5b76228fea278b1a958f191a77d3164ca05f4619ea 247w, https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/public\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/uploads\/sites\/5113\/2015\/03\/Picture2.jpg 991w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 695px) 100vw, 695px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/public\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/uploads\/sites\/5113\/2026\/04\/23121509\/p-n-junction.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-73\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/public\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/uploads\/sites\/5113\/2026\/04\/23121509\/p-n-junction.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"478\" height=\"368\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/public\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/uploads\/sites\/5113\/2026\/04\/23121509\/p-n-junction.png 478w, https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/public\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/uploads\/sites\/5113\/2026\/04\/23121509\/p-n-junction-300x231.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 478px) 100vw, 478px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/public\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/uploads\/sites\/5113\/2026\/04\/23122014\/forward-bias.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-74\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/public\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/uploads\/sites\/5113\/2026\/04\/23122014\/forward-bias.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"482\" height=\"452\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/public\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/uploads\/sites\/5113\/2026\/04\/23122014\/forward-bias.png 482w, https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/public\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/uploads\/sites\/5113\/2026\/04\/23122014\/forward-bias-300x281.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 482px) 100vw, 482px\" \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/public\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/uploads\/sites\/5113\/2026\/04\/23122352\/Doping.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-75\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/public\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/uploads\/sites\/5113\/2026\/04\/23122352\/Doping.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"447\" height=\"134\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/public\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/uploads\/sites\/5113\/2026\/04\/23122352\/Doping.png 447w, https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/public\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/uploads\/sites\/5113\/2026\/04\/23122352\/Doping-300x90.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 447px) 100vw, 447px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2454,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-30","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/30","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2454"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/30\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":77,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/30\/revisions\/77"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/gc\/hyndlandsecphyshu3hwrk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}