{"id":143,"date":"2022-10-20T10:35:22","date_gmt":"2022-10-20T09:35:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/fi\/digital\/?page_id=143"},"modified":"2024-01-17T10:30:25","modified_gmt":"2024-01-17T10:30:25","slug":"third-level-glossary","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/fi\/compsci\/glossary\/third-level-glossary\/","title":{"rendered":"Third Level Glossary"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Abstraction<\/td>\nSimplifying things; identifying what is important without worrying too much about the detail. Abstraction allows us to manage complexity<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Binary (code)<\/td>\nA coding system using the binary digits 0 and 1 to represent a letter, digit, or other character in a computer or other electronic device<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bit<\/td>\nA single unit of information used in computing and digital communications \u2013 8 bits in 1 byte. A binary bit is either a 1 or a 0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bluetooth<\/td>\nAllows the exchange of data over short distances from fixed and mobile devices<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Boolean<\/td>\nBoolean logic is a form of algebra in which all values are reduced to either TRUE or FALSE<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Byte<\/td>\nA byte is 8 bits<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Conditional Loop<\/td>\nCondition-controlled loops are also called WHILE loops or WHILE-END WHILE statements. A WHILE loop code is repeated based on a certain condition. The condition are either ‘true’ or ‘false\u2018. The WHILE loop executes while a condition is true<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Compression<\/td>\nReducing file size to save space in memory<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CPU (Central Processing Unit)<\/td>\nOften known as the brain of a computer that interprets program commands and executes its instructions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Debugging<\/td>\nErrors in algorithms and code are called \u2018bugs\u2019, and the process of finding and fixing these is called debugging<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Decomposing\/Decomposition<\/td>\nBreaking problems or systems down into smaller, more manageable parts making it easier to manage complexity<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Encryption<\/td>\nPutting data into code<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Field<\/td>\nA set of items in a database of all the same data type<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Fixed (count controlled) Loop<\/td>\nA loop that is set to run a set number of times<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Forever Loop (Infinite)<\/td>\nA piece of code that will run continuously until the program ends as it does not have a functional exit<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Glitch<\/td>\nA sudden, usually temporary malfunction or fault of equipment or computer program<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
HTML<\/td>\nHypertext Markup Language (the coding used for websites)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Input<\/td>\nData transferred from the outside world into a computer system via some kind of input device such as a keyboard, scanner or storage device<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Integer<\/td>\nProgramming data type used to store whole numbers<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Internal Commentary<\/td>\nNon-code lines that describe processes within the code<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
IP Address<\/td>\nA computer’s unique address e.g.192.168.0.127 – This address is used by computers to communicate across a network<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
LAN<\/td>\nA Local Area Network (LAN) is a network where the workstations are ‘close’ together. It is usually thought of as computers in the same room, or building or even in a number of buildings, which are next to each other<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Loop<\/td>\nA block of code repeated automatically under the program\u2019s control<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Memory<\/td>\nThere are two main types of memory : Random Access Memory (RAM) – this is where the computer stores programs and files it is using at the moment \u2013 all data stored in RAM is lost when the device switches off. Read Only Memory (ROM) holds part of a program that starts running when a computer is switched on<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mesh<\/td>\nA local network topology nodes (i.e. switches and routers) connect directly and non-hierarchically to as many other nodes as possible to efficiently route data to pc\u2019s on the network<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nested Loop<\/td>\nA loop within a loop<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Network<\/td>\nTwo or more computers connected for the purpose of storing, sharing, and managing data i.e. the internet<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Output<\/td>\nThe data actively transmitted from within the computer to an external device such as a monitor, storage device or printer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Packet<\/td>\nA block of data transmitted across a network<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Parallel Process<\/td>\nMultiple processes all running at the same time (simultaneously)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Peripheral<\/td>\nAny input, output or storage device connected externally or internally to the computer’s CPU, such as a monitor, keyboard, mouse, printer, hard disk, graphics tablet, scanner, joystick etc.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Pixel<\/td>\nThe basic unit of a digital image, representing a single colour or level of brightness<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Predict<\/td>\nTo make known in advance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Process<\/td>\nAn instance of a computer program that is being run<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Processor<\/td>\nThe main part of a computer system that performs all operations<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Router<\/td>\nNetwork hardware which forwards packets of data onwards to the most appropriate hardware to which it is connected allowing users to connect to a network<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Selection<\/td>\nA programming construct in which one section of code or another is executed depending on whether a particular condition is met<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sequence<\/td>\nArrange things in a particular order (computer programs are built up of sequences of instructions)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Server<\/td>\nA computer or computer program which manages access to a centralised resource or service in a network<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Simultaneous<\/td>\nAt the same time<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Specification<\/td>\nA definition (layout, blueprint, design) of hardware or software<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sprite<\/td>\nAn icon in a computer game which can be manoeuvred around the screen by means of a joystick, etc.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
String<\/td>\nProgramming data type used to store a sequence of text characters<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Structure<\/td>\nAnything composed of organized or interrelated elements i.e. hierarchical file structure.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Switch<\/td>\nPCs on a network are connected to a ‘switch’. A switch manages lots of connections with computers at the same time and lets them all communicate with the server<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Topology<\/td>\nThe arrangement of a network, including its nodes and connecting lines<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Variable<\/td>\nA way in which computer programs can store, retrieve or change data, such as a score, the time left, or the user\u2019s name<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Wi-Fi<\/td>\nA local area network (LAN) that uses high frequency radio signals to transmit and receive data over distances of a few hundred feet<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Abstraction Simplifying things; identifying what is important without worrying too much about the detail. Abstraction allows us to manage complexity Binary (code) A coding system using the binary digits 0 and 1 to represent a letter, digit, or other character in a computer or other electronic device Bit A single unit of information used in … <\/p>\n

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