{"id":791,"date":"2026-03-30T11:22:58","date_gmt":"2026-03-30T11:22:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/er\/SNHGeographyWebsite\/?page_id=791"},"modified":"2026-03-30T11:22:58","modified_gmt":"2026-03-30T11:22:58","slug":"maps-and-diagrams","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/er\/SNHGeographyWebsite\/maps-and-diagrams\/","title":{"rendered":"Maps and Diagrams"},"content":{"rendered":"<section id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_7\" class=\"yaqOZd\">\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc yYI8W HQwdzb\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_10\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"CjVfdc\"><span class=\"VbJjl C9DxTc \">Maps &amp; Diagrams<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_12\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">It often makes sense, in Geography, to present information on a map. This can range from a simple map in an atlas up to extensive geographical information systems, which allow data to be stored, analysed and presented on much more complex digital maps.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">We will cover a range of different styles of maps and diagrams:<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_13\" class=\"yaqOZd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-c5RTEf Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-c5RTEf purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_16\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-c5RTEf Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-c5RTEf purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<ul class=\"n8H08c UVNKR \">\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Sketch Maps<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Isoline Maps<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-c5RTEf Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-c5RTEf purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_19\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-c5RTEf Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-c5RTEf purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<ul class=\"n8H08c UVNKR \">\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Dot Maps<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Choropleth Maps<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-c5RTEf Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-c5RTEf purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_22\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-c5RTEf Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-c5RTEf purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<ul class=\"n8H08c UVNKR \">\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Proportional Symbols Maps<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Flow Line Maps<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-c5RTEf Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-c5RTEf purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_470\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-c5RTEf Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-c5RTEf purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<ul class=\"n8H08c UVNKR \">\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Sphere of Influence Maps<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Transects &amp; Cross Sections<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_26\" class=\"yaqOZd WxWicb\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_29\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"iwQgFb\" role=\"presentation\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_30\" class=\"yaqOZd qeLZfd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-wNfPc purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_33\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-wNfPc pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<div id=\"h.9ieo63qnbvv\" class=\"Ap4VC yMxPgf  aP9Z7e\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"CjVfdc\">\n<div class=\"PPhIP rviiZ\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"VbJjl C9DxTc \">Annotations<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_36\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Annotation means to add notes to photographs, overlays, field sketches, graphs, maps, diagrams or data tables. The purpose is to highlight relevant information to the reader.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">For example, a sketch map created using an overlay could include annotations which focus the reader on relevant features, such as roads, in a transport study.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">The annotations can be added by hand or digitally.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_37\" class=\"yaqOZd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-qWD73c purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_476\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-qWD73c jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"t3iYD\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"CENy8b\" role=\"img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/sitesv\/APaQ0SQEs4Q4AFJISs0haOMD_bEO4Op4VtGt4ZTDHk0b9yAp_b2u-7H5FnAx3MF22YeLS8N2SzQSdAFOCQm_sJdiYYJCagAKJT3iE-HQoUK-amnH9Q4ebzlmaC_XGzt7ajmfnsDfztxV1YGSt_pCV8rr2aqmSwQewiNxF-rF7CfKIHcEg_g8SnHDx6oVev6QmbB9M2JAf6tnqCYpPWV1_pbI5xplGkhDak2OkjpTMhU=w1280\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-qWD73c purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_43\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-qWD73c jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Sometimes an annotated photograph isn&#8217;t as valuable as a\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">field sketch<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">. In the same way, an annotated map may be superseded by a\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">sketch map<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">. These further draw the reader&#8217;s attention to the relevant information and remove all the &#8220;noise&#8221; from the background.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Useful when:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"n8H08c UVNKR \">\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">There are clear features to be identified &#8211; not too many and not too few.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">The annotations, sketch maps or field sketches contribute to the reader&#8217;s understanding of the written information. That means they&#8217;re not necessary for very simple things (e.g. I saw a cliff) and that they may not be very appropriate for very complicated things.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Linked to written text.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">They are carefully planned &#8211; what information will you include and highlight &#8211; and what information are you removing as it&#8217;s not relevant?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">The position of the annotations don&#8217;t make things too busy or overlapping.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Annotations can be added using a tracing overlay (such as in your AH exam) or digitally, using software such as Google Slides.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_44\" class=\"yaqOZd WxWicb\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_47\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"iwQgFb\" role=\"presentation\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_48\" class=\"yaqOZd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc yYI8W HQwdzb\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"vhaaFf qUO6Ue\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_51\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<div id=\"h.cper3c46lyld\" class=\"CobnVe yMxPgf  aP9Z7e\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"CjVfdc\">\n<div class=\"PPhIP rviiZ\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Question: What are the main features required in a field sketch?<\/span><\/div>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Watch\u00a0<\/span><a class=\"XqQF9c\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=3pkNsDcC61Y\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"C9DxTc aw5Odc \">this<\/span><\/a><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u00a0video from GeoBus and include a list in your notes.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_54\" class=\"yaqOZd WxWicb\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_57\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"iwQgFb\" role=\"presentation\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_58\" class=\"yaqOZd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-wNfPc purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ktthjf-AhqUyc-wNfPc JNdkSc SQVYQc yYI8W HQwdzb\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_61\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-wNfPc pSzOP-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ktthjf-AhqUyc-wNfPc jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<div id=\"h.oa8120v11oax\" class=\"CobnVe yMxPgf  aP9Z7e\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"CjVfdc\">\n<div class=\"PPhIP rviiZ\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Worked example<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_471\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-wNfPc pSzOP-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ktthjf-AhqUyc-wNfPc jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"t3iYD\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"CENy8b\" role=\"img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/sitesv\/APaQ0SQuyAc_ZxqrngDaVNImVynySDJuQvt0J3GpsmReXEl-bq2A1qfuZSuipqCmC07oPgNmGu6hhVSM--elw-OqDXrYjstrEnmgsj1sw2yYdyNX53d9KlokJMTJcZ7sz1eFViSmQ-JK5dOETsh3Kreq9YYZCZ30ivWyigBW6aKlOrrwsrz-ix9OdsTD4zkAg8V2OiDbjf3fJQ_9cIV5qoWChmMRJaKKc-xAcQ=w1280\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc yYI8W HQwdzb\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_66\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Starting at the top of the diagram and working down the page, we can see that the input into the drainage basin is\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">precipitation<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">. Most of the precipitation falls onto the\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">vegetation<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u00a0and from there some of it is lost through\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">evapotranspiration<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">. Of the remainder, the water flows from the vegetation down into\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">surface depressions<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u00a0where again some is lost through\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">evapotranspiration<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u00a0and some becomes\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">overland flow<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u00a0into\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">channel storage<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">The rest\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">infiltrates<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u00a0into the soil to become<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u00a0soil moisture<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u00a0and again some is lost through\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">evapotranspiration<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u00a0and some becomes\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">throughflow<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u00a0into<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u00a0channel storage<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">. Some of the<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u00a0soil moisture<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u00a0then\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">percolates<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u00a0deep into the rocks to become\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">groundwater<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u00a0which flows into\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">channel storage<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_68\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Imagine having to read the above paragraph without the data being presented graphically. It would be mind boggling! This demonstrates a good use of a systems diagram.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">By using the same terms as the diagram, and putting them in bold, it&#8217;s easy to refer between the diagram and text.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_69\" class=\"yaqOZd WxWicb\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_72\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"iwQgFb\" role=\"presentation\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_73\" class=\"yaqOZd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-ibL1re Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-ibL1re purZT-AhqUyc-ibL1re ZcASvf-AhqUyc-ibL1re pSzOP-AhqUyc-ibL1re Ktthjf-AhqUyc-ibL1re JNdkSc SQVYQc yYI8W HQwdzb\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_76\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-ibL1re Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-ibL1re purZT-AhqUyc-ibL1re ZcASvf-AhqUyc-ibL1re pSzOP-AhqUyc-ibL1re Ktthjf-AhqUyc-ibL1re jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<div id=\"h.srugi5nh67be\" class=\"CobnVe yMxPgf  aP9Z7e\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"CjVfdc\">\n<div class=\"PPhIP rviiZ\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Activity<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_78\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-ibL1re Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-ibL1re purZT-AhqUyc-ibL1re ZcASvf-AhqUyc-ibL1re pSzOP-AhqUyc-ibL1re Ktthjf-AhqUyc-ibL1re jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">This text talks about the inputs, stores, outputs and transfers involved in the\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">glacial system<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">. Using the terms in the text, create a systems diagram.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-EehZO Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-EehZO purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_81\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-EehZO Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-EehZO jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">The glacial system consists of inputs, stores, transfers and outputs. Understanding the connections and relationships between the different components of the system helps indicate how a change in one component results in consequential changes throughout the system.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Inputs &#8211; The main input to the glacier system is through precipitation in the form of snow. Ice and snow can also be inputted to the glacial system through avalanches which can occur both naturally and due to human activity in mountain areas. Inputs to a glacier result in accumulation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Stores &#8211; The mass of ice within a glacier is a store that can be added to (accumulation) or lost (ablation). Material that is carried by the glacier is also known as a store.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Transfer &#8211; The transfer is the movement of a glacier due to gravity, gradient and increasing accumulation at the glacier source. In mountainous areas this movement is much quicker than that of ice sheets, which are often on a flatter surface. The main movement is downhill although, unlike water, ice has the capacity to move uphill if the ice pressure behind is great enough, resulting in the over-deepening of glaciated valleys.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Outputs &#8211; The main output is the loss of water vapour from the evaporation of water from the glacier\u2019s surface. If, under certain circumstances, snow and ice converts directly to water vapour without going through the liquid water stage it is known as sublimation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Another output is calving which is where blocks of ice break off at a glacier\u2019s snout. Usually this occurs where glaciers end in lakes or the sea, but it can also occur when ice falls off the end of a hanging valley glacier.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">The other main water output from a glacier is where water leaves the snout of the glacier in liquid form as meltwater streams.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">All these outputs from a glacier\u2019s ice store are known as ablation. Solid material leaving the glacier can also be included as an output. As a glacier retreats (melts towards its source), rocky material will be washed out of the glacier, known as moraine.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_82\" class=\"yaqOZd WxWicb\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_85\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"iwQgFb\" role=\"presentation\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_86\" class=\"yaqOZd qeLZfd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-wNfPc purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_89\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-wNfPc pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<div id=\"h.7tx3vw7ssh3o\" class=\"Ap4VC yMxPgf  aP9Z7e\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"CjVfdc\">\n<div class=\"PPhIP rviiZ\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"VbJjl C9DxTc \">Choropleth Maps<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_92\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Choropleth maps show data across different unit areas.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">The unit area will depend on the scale of the map &#8211; it could be a whole country or a smaller region.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_93\" class=\"yaqOZd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-wNfPc purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ktthjf-AhqUyc-wNfPc JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.3c9db985d011a7dc_68\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-wNfPc pSzOP-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ktthjf-AhqUyc-wNfPc jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"t3iYD\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"CENy8b\" role=\"img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/sitesv\/APaQ0SRr-7q7E4dGHcniLZuE_3uegrc7qt5Wt6_eznuyDUDiFt7E6USmFirTsClcMHbE6jGs9q1R6RE1Xa0D6SDpnV_p_MLYzls98LBZlkU6wWTanDU4VQXIiPcS-tO6pYgv9BAh8EzIkKVbyy8_AHapIZHu3dnofa2wYIYgMvC5tVKDy2gcg6TDVTHLlbmHjQOONaaTh6usgTE0n47dmMCRedQZiuTw0903DzClg_s=w1280\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_99\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Useful when:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"n8H08c UVNKR \">\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Data is assigned to different regions\/areas.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">You are identifying patterns across a town, region or country (e.g. most of the areas in the south have lower poverty).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">The data is ordinal, interval or ratio.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Colours chosen are appropriate; often this means graduated shades of one colour, but in some cases (e.g. temperature or things that are both positive and negative) these can be a range of e.g. red to blue. Pick colours appropriately &#8211; don&#8217;t use red when talking about ice coverage and brown when looking at areas that have been reforested.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_100\" class=\"yaqOZd WxWicb\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_103\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"iwQgFb\" role=\"presentation\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_104\" class=\"yaqOZd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc yYI8W HQwdzb\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"vhaaFf qUO6Ue\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_107\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<div id=\"h.esexnctdmt3d\" class=\"CobnVe yMxPgf  aP9Z7e\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"CjVfdc\">\n<div class=\"PPhIP rviiZ\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Question: Which of these sets of data would best be presented as\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">on a choropleth map?<\/span><\/div>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">A \u2013\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Changes in life expectancy (increase or decrease) across the US state of Alaska since 2020.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">B &#8211; The reasons that people have chosen to live in a new housing development.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">C &#8211; The angle of slopes across a raised beach.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_112\" class=\"yaqOZd WxWicb\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_115\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"iwQgFb\" role=\"presentation\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_116\" class=\"yaqOZd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-wNfPc purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ktthjf-AhqUyc-wNfPc JNdkSc SQVYQc yYI8W HQwdzb\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_119\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-wNfPc pSzOP-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ktthjf-AhqUyc-wNfPc jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<div id=\"h.ecs12kcbelk1\" class=\"CobnVe yMxPgf  aP9Z7e\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"CjVfdc\">\n<div class=\"PPhIP rviiZ\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Worked example<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_124\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-wNfPc pSzOP-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ktthjf-AhqUyc-wNfPc jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">The decision about how to group or categorise your data is often the hardest. In this population density map of Nepal, there are enough groups that it is useful data, but not too many that it becomes complicated.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">The map makers have made the decision to have uneven groupings, i.e.:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"n8H08c UVNKR \">\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Most of the groups have a range of 100<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">One of the groups has a range of 700<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">They have chosen to include a &#8220;above&#8230;&#8221; and &#8220;less than&#8230;&#8221; category<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Ideally, choropleth maps should have categories with equal ranges, but sometimes map makers make deliberate decisions, based on the data they&#8217;re working with, to do otherwise. Common groupings include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"n8H08c UVNKR \">\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">All groups having the same range<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">All groups increasing in range evenly<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Standard deviations<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Natural breaks<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Equal number of values\/regions in each group<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc yYI8W HQwdzb\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.3c9db985d011a7dc_72\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"t3iYD\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"CENy8b\" role=\"img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/sitesv\/APaQ0SRN3VvDyX3gJeI9P_x0_dNywe_nCAF_Lto0_L0g6TDxYWCWnIDGYhWKAbPYwd9kugClIp8ZLaw0aJcObXhdI6T3FWKTRglvpXesiY6baD1_Q7jQozrj1FXfX9aeg6n3Mosraq36QeZoI9FUSgDSFhPbBjoEF-xe2fIXKKsxk5CCruReXZ8dgu__FaKpYn-O4BadHxlqWrCoeQXsgxMfH_MXAarVZLkahHlpjT8=w1280\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype\">\n<div id=\"h.3c9db985d011a7dc_79\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">The darkest colour is usually used for the highest; in this case the capital city of Kathmandu stands out as having a very high population density.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.3a38301788268956_47\" class=\"yaqOZd qeLZfd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.3a38301788268956_50\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Choropleth maps display data for regions\/areas, giving each value or group of values a different colour.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"n8H08c UVNKR \">\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">The maps are visually effective as you can see a large amount of information and general patterns.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">They can be used to easily compare regions e.g. countries. However, it only gives an idea of which group the data is in, not the exact value &#8211; a proportional symbols map would show the exact number.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">The map doesn\u2019t show any variation within the area &#8211; it uses an average and assumes that the whole region has the same value.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">The boundaries chosen (e.g. countries) might give artificial divisions, whereas in reality the change will be more gradual.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Depending on the colours chosen it can be difficult to distinguish between the shading used on the map.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Decisions about how to make the divisions can be tricky;\u00a0 and could be systematic (same data range for each division) or stratified (data in natural groups\/divisions).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_131\" class=\"yaqOZd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc yYI8W HQwdzb\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_134\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<div id=\"h.2u10uxepcfw7\" class=\"CobnVe yMxPgf  aP9Z7e\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"CjVfdc\">\n<div class=\"PPhIP rviiZ\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Activity<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_136\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Nitrous Dioxide (NO<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u2082<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">) is a gas, formed during combustion, which is the major contributor to air pollution in cities. It is a respiratory irritant, which worsens asthma and can contribute to infections in the lungs. It also contributes to smog and acid rain.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Some cities around the world have implemented low emissions zones (LEZ) to reduce the impact of air pollution. One of the cities which has done this is Glasgow.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">As part of the work done to plan the LEZ, areas across Glasgow had their\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">NO<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u2082<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u00a0levels mea<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">sured.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-wNfPc purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ktthjf-AhqUyc-wNfPc JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.47844a8463408028_8\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-wNfPc pSzOP-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ktthjf-AhqUyc-wNfPc jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"t3iYD\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"CENy8b\" role=\"img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/sitesv\/APaQ0SRThTIPvLxfbK112yvPGoHOW9RqFC4OZwZqTpjuHijk2p7ecxdrTjtCtTXieFOmKU99VlMDGuIzscEKgqEoJKfINxg0UXM9YKBwh9KEiseto1sjou2PLnNk-yrSu8tjJKnBXP2ETmUf5UZwWT6_cHVaGqyA2yt-g_-7q3_D8M5X3AWWMIbbI2MwCg8BMn-OxacF5QOXsNJummHrPs7kzESaCT-ligwlVt39W-M=w1280\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.47844a8463408028_15\" class=\"yaqOZd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.47844a8463408028_12\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Collect<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u00a0a print out of the map of Glasgow and create a choropleth map of the data. You will have to decide on the groupings\/key and pick an appropriate colour scheme.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.47844a8463408028_7\" class=\"yaqOZd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.47844a8463408028_0\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"t3iYD\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"CENy8b\" role=\"img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/sitesv\/APaQ0SRlDu5cF2oMZ7tOImHG135uzZyby7GVkRUrIo5_1E512Hb5X19qE8kOH23lq_B_aIdT5cFB0-sTPopX9lT92DevDUOZ_2EOQFiq_VtfOJxO6RlKV-Y3UBhUv9yH_nAi8eifneisPDR4GcnGIL4N_BTZlgUtF5ddGPZkpy-g3I6iSF_V-WTD6ECBpdDpI6kBtt6tURsEcm6O8HQjQogPsCvzaz8hYfWZzUzDi5M=w1280\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-wNfPc purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ktthjf-AhqUyc-wNfPc JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.47844a8463408028_4\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-wNfPc pSzOP-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ktthjf-AhqUyc-wNfPc jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"t3iYD\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"CENy8b\" role=\"img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/sitesv\/APaQ0STcRXO7HqUUq3-ipaI9QkFqRG8HKAHmBWHFNBsvAw9XPAzBy-51fIztDVSlUf6rSa3_GPPx52hvcWELslxiRy4PfpiWTtj9qbo3fW0ohC8snBP4U3waM6FHQ2hYG3BOlZjZQWNFUPSOodahYIZvrYRR6UoaOnbWajlp-64ZymsDBbeBUL-KaxBZLKSY8fahQumPVFko_a-VyBgfAJfXQrQFuUlax4Dok0SUB0s=w1280\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_146\" class=\"yaqOZd qeLZfd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-wNfPc purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_149\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-wNfPc pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<div id=\"h.9k3pqng6dgd\" class=\"Ap4VC yMxPgf  aP9Z7e\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"CjVfdc\">\n<div class=\"PPhIP rviiZ\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"VbJjl C9DxTc \">Proportional Symbols Maps<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_152\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">These display data using symbols or pictures which are different sizes. For example, a circle may appear bigger if the data value is larger.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">There are two kinds:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"n8H08c UVNKR \">\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Absolute scaling &#8211; where the symbols are mathematically proportional. e.g. a circle representing 2 million people is twice the area of a circle representing 1 million people.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Range grading &#8211; where each size of circle is assigned to a value\/range of values, like in a choropleth map.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.47844a8463408028_16\" class=\"yaqOZd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.4b54d991676771cf_52\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"t3iYD\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"CENy8b\" role=\"img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/sitesv\/APaQ0SRKbFLyX9ie1gYEu3KQHGwOtPex5pZ7t24JDRs7rFinaqXpZ0Hzw61ss4umOiORYHjGHkT4ZROn-Pr2k_JHRo2Jqboed7iWlbzfkcnwyb7nh4q3k2jiJZuamTRyI3kPqLP1zEEUngfCYtTNMTJO1DLrVBYkgHzb7v_RoMtcRNoj0qX4aPwUcG0r5p2GE2dQK66VSgg44QlfnIAwp6bYmuwD5YvpdfLtY1Fe=w1280\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-wNfPc purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.47844a8463408028_22\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-wNfPc pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Useful when:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"n8H08c UVNKR \">\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Data is point data &#8211; it can be tied to a specific place.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">The symbols are far enough apart that they are all readable. This could be done by choosing an appropriate scale or not including small values.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Geometric shapes (circle, square, star) can be used, but thematic pictorial symbols can also be used to match the theme of the map. For example, a map of airport departures might use scaled plane pictures and a map of population might use\u00a0<\/span><a class=\"XqQF9c\" href=\"https:\/\/colorado.pressbooks.pub\/app\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2024\/03\/image7-3.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"C9DxTc aw5Odc \">stick figures<\/span><\/a><span class=\"C9DxTc \">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Transparent symbols (as in the proportional-squares map) can be used, but too much overlap can cause difficulties with interpreting data.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_160\" class=\"yaqOZd WxWicb\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_163\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"iwQgFb\" role=\"presentation\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_164\" class=\"yaqOZd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_169\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<div id=\"h.3115iwfhb0m2\" class=\"GV3q8e yMxPgf  aP9Z7e\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"CjVfdc\">\n<div class=\"PPhIP rviiZ\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Look through an atlas and find 5 examples of proportional symbols maps. What kind of data is displayed in this way?<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_170\" class=\"yaqOZd WxWicb\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_173\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"iwQgFb\" role=\"presentation\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_174\" class=\"yaqOZd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc yYI8W HQwdzb\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_177\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<div id=\"h.u7ygjke95mxc\" class=\"CobnVe yMxPgf  aP9Z7e\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"CjVfdc\">\n<div class=\"PPhIP rviiZ\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Worked example<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype\">\n<div id=\"h.47844a8463408028_23\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"t3iYD\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"CENy8b\" role=\"img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/sitesv\/APaQ0SRCFXJ9wUm3-erW5CQi_4OR-JSPMtIuO8O1SBxsCKRwwuxXxwrU3HVwmEdpSlsebBu7AHK0mcjWdexpiYyvq1f_aYbeW6gN3x-lpAe1OAX0od-bjtOtQ2jILTln84534fQiWl6Y3waWSp5nU9WjJaNecZYMv3quY3EJzgy-jvp-HJkRVvtupfJfZBiB6D_4zgvG_QTNmk6AhQh8pnRHRJkns9zim-5blUIxacg=w1280\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype\">\n<div id=\"h.566752714c4486e4_181\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">This is an example of an aggregated scale map, where the symbols are truly proportional. Only countries with urban populations more than 1 million are included, which removes the problem of overlapping symbols. Additionally, colour has been used to denote different continents.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">The key is useful and includes some examples of circle size so that rough estimates can be easily made. There are some places (e.g. south-eastern Europe and central America) where the scale of the map makes it difficult to see the populations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">As the data is averaged across the whole country, the central point of each country has been used.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.3a38301788268956_51\" class=\"yaqOZd qeLZfd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.3a38301788268956_54\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Proportional Symbols maps use different sized shapes to represent data.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"n8H08c UVNKR \">\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">They can summarise a large data set in a visual form.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">The symbols are easy to interpret because each symbol is proportional to its value.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Deciding on a suitable scale for the symbols may not be easy if there is a large range of values. If the scale is too large then some symbols may overlap and be difficult to read.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Transparent symbols could be used to lessen issues of overlapping.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">The size of the symbol may lead to less accurate positioning of the symbol on the map.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">They can be used for a precise location or a geographic area (e.g. country, state, region). If used for a geographic area they tend to be placed in the centre.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Proportional symbols maps can become cluttered.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.4b54d991676771cf_15\" class=\"yaqOZd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc yYI8W HQwdzb\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.4b54d991676771cf_18\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<div id=\"h.nlucwld9iuv9\" class=\"CobnVe yMxPgf  aP9Z7e\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"CjVfdc\">\n<div class=\"PPhIP rviiZ\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Activity<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype\">\n<div id=\"h.4b54d991676771cf_20\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">The emissions of NO<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u2082\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">were measured again a year after the introduction of the LEZ. This was done using diffusion tubes, a low-cost way to sample pollutants over a 4 week period. The tubes are then analysed at a lab to determine the levels of NO<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u2082\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">The LEZ was enforced from 1 June 2023.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype\">\n<div id=\"h.4b54d991676771cf_34\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd N0neUc baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"axx72\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype\">\n<div id=\"h.4b54d991676771cf_39\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">The results from after the introduction of the LEZ are shown in the table below.\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Draw<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u00a0a proportional symbols map of the results and\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">answer the questions<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">You will need to decide whether to use absolute scaling or range grading.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-wNfPc purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ktthjf-AhqUyc-wNfPc JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.4b54d991676771cf_24\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-wNfPc pSzOP-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ktthjf-AhqUyc-wNfPc jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"t3iYD\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"CENy8b\" role=\"img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/sitesv\/APaQ0SQQrVrsnnBEW8N_0POK2wYSXl4K6cZtL2m8K1u-n7UkRzylcMK3yGcSei8LgJEyxYjZMIraaBZsfh4AkzVm6PbbmqOoCzRi66ht6OgIizgfPTKRpsUixDb-3Hyc8zsBwtjK1nu7xHDfmbfeLa_iFXTCdvhX7fxkrpUZxEts0sVfJ1Umv3Z1EUMVcjcSKftrRz8pFu-hANLkWZBbNmKZrKY1tb0FTCo5gNTm3eA=w1280\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.4b54d991676771cf_8\" class=\"yaqOZd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-wNfPc purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ktthjf-AhqUyc-wNfPc JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.4b54d991676771cf_48\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-wNfPc pSzOP-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ktthjf-AhqUyc-wNfPc jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"t3iYD\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"CENy8b\" role=\"img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/sitesv\/APaQ0SR_gjB5IbJVX_B42OrJz4OlvnhQp-4bGIfGHN5ZhqMxlp3pfmq-b5j2ZeO63rvTJQdatdKQMuY_iXhgTmK3H65AbB1WhERuU1W9TBS-T_M2QgC03GUjOsfCnmpZXUIYDWMNKNxOvWGrwT03KBY5564khwoi0aGp-wlWevIQGXH0dTnalYbNR3MsRyMuJYaZ9m0wlmYO9rBXR4HFuzMIH2TBBw2tqikI2-3D=w1280\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.4b54d991676771cf_33\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">1)\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Glas<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">gow&#8217;s LEZ lies entirely within the Anderston\/City ward of the map. By what percentage have the emissions here decreased?<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">2) Many of the other wards have also seen their NO2 levels decrease.\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Suggest<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u00a0two reasons that this might be.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">3) Calton (Ward 9) has not seen a decrease in NO2 levels. Referring to the map, suggest why this might be.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">4) The Glasgow LEZ was introduced with the aim of reducing air pollution in the city centre. What other social, economic or environmental benefits come from the introduction of LEZs?<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">4) Compare the choropleth and proportional symbols maps you have produced. Which technique works best to display this data? Give two reasons why.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.4b54d991676771cf_60\" class=\"yaqOZd WxWicb\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.4b54d991676771cf_63\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"iwQgFb\" role=\"presentation\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.6b6afd67c653141b_147\" class=\"yaqOZd qeLZfd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-wNfPc purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.6b6afd67c653141b_150\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-wNfPc pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<div id=\"h.clcwdi3id5cw\" class=\"Ap4VC yMxPgf  aP9Z7e\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"CjVfdc\">\n<div class=\"PPhIP rviiZ\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"VbJjl C9DxTc \">Isoline maps<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.6b6afd67c653141b_153\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">These maps use lines that joint points of equal value. Often, where only one kind of information is included, colour is added to help the visualisation of the data. In other circumstanceswhere lots of information is included in the map (e.g. OS maps or synoptic charts), isolines will remain as lines with their values stated.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.6b6afd67c653141b_154\" class=\"yaqOZd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-qWD73c purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.6b6afd67c653141b_161\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-qWD73c jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"t3iYD\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"CENy8b\" role=\"img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/sitesv\/APaQ0SQEGhqUY8PL4jk977JfcIV4rgjpTMHYYATW6SlYaZ8ob4bR1EgNie9_r9nxDnuJOzXidN4uYkBtke4yjuiA49bP4Sj-YeYAIZCPtuxZKtygCKIsxm4mKtqmxQnqem1L7NUYB7Lyx8Hl1DNDy8s871viyTqLgJhBE0ADlvqHsikX4F_GuLas0prQjOhMlNK7QtxF_mynbwQVG7Mj9Mtkx4j_FIfnfZyi9VSY0mU=w1280\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-qWD73c purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.6b6afd67c653141b_160\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-qWD73c jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Useful when:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"n8H08c UVNKR \">\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">A large amount of data is known for locations across a spatial area.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">There are gradual changes and patterns over the area.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Data would otherwise cross boundary lines (e.g. country borders).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Care is taken to join up points carefully &#8211; this is technically a subjective process and is likely to be done differently by each person.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Some names to be familiar with:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"n8H08c UVNKR \">\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Isobars &#8211; lines of equal pressure (found on synoptic charts)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Isohyets &#8211; lines of equal rainfall<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Isotherms &#8211; lines of equal temperature<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Isovels &#8211; lines of equal velocity (e.g. river velocity)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Contour lines &#8211; lines of equal altitude<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.6b6afd67c653141b_169\" class=\"yaqOZd WxWicb\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.6b6afd67c653141b_172\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"iwQgFb\" role=\"presentation\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.6b6afd67c653141b_165\" class=\"yaqOZd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.6b6afd67c653141b_168\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<div id=\"h.rxhpqo688kyj\" class=\"GV3q8e yMxPgf  aP9Z7e\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"CjVfdc\">\n<div class=\"PPhIP rviiZ\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Look through an atlas and around the Geography classroom to find 5 examples of\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">isoline maps<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">. What kind of data is displayed in this way?<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.6b6afd67c653141b_173\" class=\"yaqOZd WxWicb\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.6b6afd67c653141b_176\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"iwQgFb\" role=\"presentation\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.6b6afd67c653141b_177\" class=\"yaqOZd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-qWD73c purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc yYI8W HQwdzb\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.6b6afd67c653141b_180\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-qWD73c jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<div id=\"h.enh86mlgy9a1\" class=\"CobnVe yMxPgf  aP9Z7e\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"CjVfdc\">\n<div class=\"PPhIP rviiZ\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Worked example<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype\">\n<div id=\"h.6b6afd67c653141b_184\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-qWD73c jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">This video takes you through how to complete an example of an\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">isovel<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u00a0map.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-qWD73c purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.4a0d97acf731fd9f_0\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-qWD73c jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd OWlOyc baZpAe\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"WIdY2d M1aSXe\">\n<div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.4a0d97acf731fd9f_25\" class=\"yaqOZd qeLZfd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.4a0d97acf731fd9f_28\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Isoline maps use lines that join points of equal value.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"n8H08c UVNKR \">\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Examples include contours on a map, isobars on a synoptic chart and<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \"><br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">isotherms on a climate map.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">They can be used when the data changes gradually in space.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">They cross boundary lines (e.g. country borders) so work across large<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \"><br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">regions.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Isoline maps are useful when showing gradual changes and patterns over large areas.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">They use fix intervals so changes can be easily identified (e.g. if the height changes over a small area there will be many isolines close together).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Colour\/shading can be added to enhance patterns and trends and they can be used with most base maps.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">The \u201cjoining up\u201d of lines between points can be subjective and it\u2019s likely to be done differently by each person.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">They also require a very large amount of data and assume that every point between the lines is equal, particularly when shaded or coloured to reinforce that.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">The greater the division between lines the more detailed the data, but the harder it is to interpret the data.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.4a0d97acf731fd9f_4\" class=\"yaqOZd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc yYI8W HQwdzb\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.4a0d97acf731fd9f_7\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<div id=\"h.eg7a9hojvqjj\" class=\"CobnVe yMxPgf  aP9Z7e\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"CjVfdc\">\n<div class=\"PPhIP rviiZ\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Activity<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype\">\n<div id=\"h.4a0d97acf731fd9f_9\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Collect a sheet from your teacher. It shows\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">spot heights<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u00a0which have been taken across an area.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Create an isoline map showing the topography of the area. You could then add colour (choose shades of colour which make sense for high\/low land).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-wNfPc purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ktthjf-AhqUyc-wNfPc JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.4a0d97acf731fd9f_21\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-wNfPc pSzOP-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ktthjf-AhqUyc-wNfPc jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"t3iYD\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"CENy8b\" role=\"img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/sitesv\/APaQ0SQN58uoyUaZg3rZ1SYo9Z6fIryT2ng_MeFzEq8UGs-GARXORHigmeKn-odj8IBpdgvQVNUH9Z5Q3ze3ltEVXEOLqhexEbiKVUQ7izv-8gPnp1ZdmRqALIkQTds4xnUn2desMHFJsd2J6WpKuCt-XdWe7fGlK7Mc6oh9iznZqRJCLaCylTrBMzUB1AlDQO1xqTtf5S9XPKG2FuvEVuH_8K93hTWU4sNjIcVT=w1280\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.5ad2c3a07781cc6f_215\" class=\"yaqOZd qeLZfd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-wNfPc purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.5ad2c3a07781cc6f_218\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-wNfPc pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<div id=\"h.asbgs0azaulc\" class=\"Ap4VC yMxPgf  aP9Z7e\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"CjVfdc\">\n<div class=\"PPhIP rviiZ\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"VbJjl C9DxTc \">Dot maps<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.5ad2c3a07781cc6f_221\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Dot maps show\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">spatial distribution<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">, with each dot representing a specific population (e.g. one incident, 100 people, 10 deer).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.5ad2c3a07781cc6f_225\" class=\"yaqOZd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-II5mzb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-II5mzb purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-II5mzb Ktthjf-AhqUyc-II5mzb JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.5ad2c3a07781cc6f_222\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-II5mzb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-II5mzb Ktthjf-AhqUyc-II5mzb jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"t3iYD\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"CENy8b\" role=\"img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/sitesv\/APaQ0STjdHlYSjUNlu8o6sfiMwmnALc_bJPv0LmOCWLxscNpgZSUtOYx64H1myz6YmzHkOBQPFerWW10WvufJaNpWRcOtoaHQSHYZnDO5WDkgCC63wPFPoFkRnyRnu5E_XBhFvQ9_GxSBf1dYrTrmcAOZ9wUax41ooZlRBa5t4eiA7OKyJyH_DsEhwGdJG2BOqKg0IwoXWJ5vhuOW-zovdHyOtWijcjzqkOyTePZVHU=w1280\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OiUrBf Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OiUrBf purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.5ad2c3a07781cc6f_233\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OiUrBf Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OiUrBf jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Useful when:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"n8H08c UVNKR \">\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">You want to identify areas with clusters or gaps in the data.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">You have a lot of data to plot.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">The data is spread over an area which makes sense &#8211; for example, it&#8217;s not a very helpful method if your data is collected in a simple square as it&#8217;s hard to make links between\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">where<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u00a0the cluster is and\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">where<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u00a0that is in the real world.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.48aff4ff009a9388_41\" class=\"yaqOZd WxWicb\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.48aff4ff009a9388_44\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"iwQgFb\" role=\"presentation\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.5ad2c3a07781cc6f_238\" class=\"yaqOZd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc yYI8W HQwdzb\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"vhaaFf qUO6Ue\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.5ad2c3a07781cc6f_241\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<div id=\"h.t1gv5axme1x\" class=\"CobnVe yMxPgf  aP9Z7e\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"CjVfdc\">\n<div class=\"PPhIP rviiZ\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Question: Which of these sets of data would best be presented as\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">a dot map?<\/span><\/div>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">A \u2013\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">The location of profitable dairy farms across Dumfries and Galloway.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">B \u2013\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">The breakdown of ages of people across an electoral area.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">C \u2013\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Incidences of schistosomiaosis across Rwanda.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.48aff4ff009a9388_37\" class=\"yaqOZd WxWicb\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.48aff4ff009a9388_40\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"iwQgFb\" role=\"presentation\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.5ad2c3a07781cc6f_244\" class=\"yaqOZd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc yYI8W HQwdzb\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.5ad2c3a07781cc6f_247\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<div id=\"h.jgfl0q47jnvp\" class=\"CobnVe yMxPgf  aP9Z7e\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"CjVfdc\">\n<div class=\"PPhIP rviiZ\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Worked\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Example &amp; Activity<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype\">\n<div id=\"h.5ad2c3a07781cc6f_249\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">On this dot density map of the population of the United States, one dot is equal to 7500 people.<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \"><br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \"><br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Using the map (below), answer these questions.<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \"><\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<ol class=\"n8H08c BKnRcf \">\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d lsiHE \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Using an atlas (or a map of the United States), give the location of\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">three<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u00a0clusters of data &#8211; i.e. where lots of people live.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">There is a large cluster of data in the south of California, in the areas around Los Angeles and San Diego.<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \"><br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Now do two of your own&#8230;<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \"><\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<ol class=\"n8H08c BKnRcf \" start=\"2\">\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d lsiHE \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Describe<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u00a0three places where there are gaps in the data &#8211; i.e. where few people live.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">There is a gap in the data in southern Nevada, where some regions have only 7500 people.<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \"><br \/>\n<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Now do two of your own&#8230;<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \"><\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<ol class=\"n8H08c BKnRcf \" start=\"3\">\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d lsiHE \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Referring to other maps in your atlas, suggest\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">three reasons\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">which<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">might be influencing the population distribution across the United States.<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \"><\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d lsiHE \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">You will often be asked, in AH exams, to identify patterns which exist between different types of maps.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Referring to\u00a0<\/span><a class=\"XqQF9c\" href=\"https:\/\/camo.githubusercontent.com\/dc91efed106988d9e29b1abff6172c216bd804f25a6a3bd4586113945dbea032\/687474703a2f2f626c6f67732e7562632e63612f72616a646565706465762f66696c65732f323032312f30342f63686f726f706c6574682d6d61702e706e67\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"C9DxTc aw5Odc \">this<\/span><\/a><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u00a0choropleth map of educational attainment in the US<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">a)\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">suggest whether you would consider there to be a relationship between population density and educational attainment.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">b) suggest whether this is a positive or negative relationship.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">c) give at least one reason that may explain why this relationship exists.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.48aff4ff009a9388_4\" class=\"yaqOZd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.5ad2c3a07781cc6f_253\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"t3iYD\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"CENy8b\" role=\"img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/sitesv\/APaQ0STGdsG14fxIdBMuoBZ8Nxyen4jCZz-NpKTxYH0UNKBqS5Vcd5oEkxRW1dfHX9-f2MOi5FnU7l4xun2tJhEUsFX6GLCXNIvxyBrg6qWDFgqJ9nnRPwTXEA_USeOx3tq5o_hu73VyqubDVB2pIcWnKiV6A_OVib_UKVvhxoe_A9-YSDdkqK7Uz5fVaI7fYFlbphUXgodTkbO_EHEh7g2GT_loFTMPNfuRFZ4NnJ0=w1280\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.48aff4ff009a9388_5\" class=\"yaqOZd qeLZfd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-wNfPc purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.48aff4ff009a9388_8\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-wNfPc Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-wNfPc pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<div id=\"h.8kzqk3dxsw3o\" class=\"Ap4VC yMxPgf  aP9Z7e\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"CjVfdc\">\n<div class=\"PPhIP rviiZ\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"VbJjl C9DxTc \">Flow Line Maps<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.48aff4ff009a9388_11\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OwsYgb jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">These show data which has a direction. The arrows\/lines used are proportional; the bigger they are, the more data which is moving in that direction.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.48aff4ff009a9388_16\" class=\"yaqOZd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-II5mzb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-II5mzb purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-II5mzb Ktthjf-AhqUyc-II5mzb JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.48aff4ff009a9388_12\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-II5mzb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-II5mzb Ktthjf-AhqUyc-II5mzb jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"t3iYD\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"CENy8b\" role=\"img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/sitesv\/APaQ0STbBfcsIZl9843JL9Wvv-GAo-FvMmaZo_iDKsyB_FbmYgyqtksm1eitO1M8yuI0o4D68ZRZddzTtGrfYgQb6tNNqoVpSy7g28m7BZt2tSJYMZnmIwWuFm7U3iHe1PxXt611NDAvrWyWG-q1E_GqJhwBTag-4X7HiG73is04WP_4Dxe82yooi5GCHgMCDuwoekVYR5VFH-m9d8VPJgSsV4MLYaNNxpaEjrqG=w1280\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OiUrBf Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OiUrBf purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.48aff4ff009a9388_22\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OiUrBf Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OiUrBf jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Useful when:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"n8H08c UVNKR \">\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Data is directional &#8211; often flowing &#8220;out&#8221; from one point or &#8220;in&#8221; to one point.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">The proportional width of the lines is important &#8211; showing where most data is coming from or going to.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">The point of the arrow shows the destination.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Care is taken to choose a scale and number of arrows so that there is not major overlapping.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"zfr3Q TYR86d eD0Rn \" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Base maps are kept very simple.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.48aff4ff009a9388_29\" class=\"yaqOZd WxWicb\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.48aff4ff009a9388_32\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"iwQgFb\" role=\"presentation\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.48aff4ff009a9388_23\" class=\"yaqOZd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc yYI8W HQwdzb\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"vhaaFf qUO6Ue\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.48aff4ff009a9388_26\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<div id=\"h.a85y28npyp76\" class=\"CobnVe yMxPgf  aP9Z7e\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"CjVfdc\">\n<div class=\"PPhIP rviiZ\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Question:\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Which\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">two<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">these data sets would be best shown as a flow line map?<\/span><\/div>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">A \u2013\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">The major routes of drug trafficking across the world<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">B &#8211; The destinations and movements of tourists across the world<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">C &#8211; The mode of travel of spectators who travelled to watch a football match in Aberdeen.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.48aff4ff009a9388_33\" class=\"yaqOZd WxWicb\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.48aff4ff009a9388_36\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"iwQgFb\" role=\"presentation\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.48aff4ff009a9388_45\" class=\"yaqOZd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OiUrBf Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OiUrBf purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc yYI8W HQwdzb\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.48aff4ff009a9388_48\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OiUrBf Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OiUrBf jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<div id=\"h.1fpc35l3ofaz\" class=\"CobnVe yMxPgf  aP9Z7e\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"CjVfdc\">\n<div class=\"PPhIP rviiZ\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Worked Example<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype\">\n<div id=\"h.48aff4ff009a9388_50\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OiUrBf Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OiUrBf jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">One of the most common uses of flow line maps is in presenting data on the subject of migration.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">In your Higher course, you studied the voluntary migration of people from India to Qatar. The data shown here shows the donor countries of people who live in Qatar.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">This data can be used to create a flow line map. For this, I have focussed on the top 6 donor countries as adding more would be utter chaos!\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Step\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">1: Locate a suitable base map<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">This should have only basic information on it &#8211; the less the better.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Step\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">2<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">:<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">\u00a0Plot on the start and end locations<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Usually we use the rough centre of a country.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Step 3: If using proportional symbols, decide on a suitable scale<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">This is probably the hardest step, so feel free to sketch it out or try different things. In a similar way to proportional symbols maps, these can be absolute scaled or range graded. If you&#8217;re making your map electronically, use the line width or shape size to scale the arrows easily. In this example, I used that 1px line width = 100,000 people.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype\">\n<div id=\"h.48aff4ff009a9388_107\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-OiUrBf Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-OiUrBf jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"t3iYD\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"CENy8b\" role=\"img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/sitesv\/APaQ0STxaH6sqtlb_-ug4h2r7vATS7pShgIM5gmZDCtzokjnyzGQEUOXevHG2mhhoYA5uf5XwmEcwwi_UNdhmuXlSPnjavoeR2noo98aacs6BI6MtprhTAyv7_jJAqqIlw6h5v9VXhGu_9qKlZT7UmChimKXvGHs2EoI2P4E16OUdAA5ss1bLceQvHUIvyvYQAw-tY8lLWZcjeW_zAjbMNkIqKDf0XySI2wCbtK12A8=w1280\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-II5mzb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-II5mzb purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-II5mzb Ktthjf-AhqUyc-II5mzb JNdkSc SQVYQc yYI8W HQwdzb\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.48aff4ff009a9388_103\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-II5mzb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-II5mzb Ktthjf-AhqUyc-II5mzb jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"t3iYD\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"CENy8b\" role=\"img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/sitesv\/APaQ0SQMBDyYM4KZww9DQRuXKkMFo1NYpmN24OYKqEiu7pE2gaDbkmOMhOql3WNSTUsSZkKboT0s8m2WQrA4lgv6kpdb97QheGCZmNEZItrXKS_3ixglDZhSeEiZF0GaZpDdnLWLigfeP43Npqy3Jm5QOETMK_87oP_IC0xjEnUA9OH-Lhfn7smO4uSOOe98m5uMKFhGJoitVcsM1xZsGcUCE3AUzUbChlaGT8JghbE=w1280\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype\">\n<div id=\"h.48aff4ff009a9388_112\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-II5mzb Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-II5mzb Ktthjf-AhqUyc-II5mzb jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Step 4: Plot the lines<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Being careful to avoid overlap where you can, plot the lines from the start locations to the end locations<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Step 5: Key\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Remember to add a key and title to your map.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.48aff4ff009a9388_117\" class=\"yaqOZd WxWicb\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.48aff4ff009a9388_120\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-uQSCkd jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"iwQgFb\" role=\"presentation\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"h.48aff4ff009a9388_88\" class=\"yaqOZd\">\n<div class=\"IFuOkc\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mYVXT\">\n<div class=\"LS81yb VICjCf j5pSsc db35Fc\">\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-qWD73c purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc yYI8W HQwdzb\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.48aff4ff009a9388_91\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-qWD73c jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<div id=\"h.i8zsixmrgdzl\" class=\"CobnVe yMxPgf  aP9Z7e\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"CjVfdc\">\n<div class=\"PPhIP rviiZ\"><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Activity<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype\">\n<div id=\"h.48aff4ff009a9388_93\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-qWD73c jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"t3iYD\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"CENy8b\" role=\"img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/sitesv\/APaQ0SROCG_dyKP_Ho0Q40B-Qh9_4rVNisnBHXDGI7W_X1PbWfbhZvFcQCA7pblnKWUt_6dUXJ62s8w8IPMZkmWfpypmxNTvDkLqzyLVXaaeBtj5vZnzzh_pMk05JLj_zXORPGJ5Ahj6Y7GN4Bnwd0_1FMGR8xSoPZL4qihy0aC5vBbtBZllBhePbpzUvKAzBJGZNIZaq7ELdmiTbzXUrg9uu6uus1qopjgLGP9H2WQ=w1280\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype\">\n<div id=\"h.48aff4ff009a9388_95\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-qWD73c jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">As part of the Scottish Census, data was collected about the movement of commuters between their home and place of work.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">The Highlands and Islands Transport Partnership (<\/span><a class=\"XqQF9c\" href=\"https:\/\/hitrans.org.uk\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"C9DxTc aw5Odc \">HITRANS<\/span><\/a><span class=\"C9DxTc \">) have used this data as part of planning the\u00a0<\/span><a class=\"XqQF9c\" href=\"https:\/\/hitrans.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Inverness_Active_Travel_Masterplan.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"C9DxTc aw5Odc \">Inverness Active Travel Masterplan<\/span><\/a><span class=\"C9DxTc \">. They wish to use a flow line map to present data from Inverness.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype\">\n<div id=\"h.48aff4ff009a9388_97\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-qWD73c jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec wHaque g5GTcb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd mGzaTb Depvyb baZpAe\">\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">You can choose to do this electronically (<\/span><a class=\"XqQF9c\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/presentation\/d\/1s6uON4tkaOl_3kYxChyJIUJx_BKKsBkvMNU2eI3s8I0\/edit?slide=id.p#slide=id.p\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"C9DxTc aw5Odc \">here&#8217;s the map<\/span><\/a><span class=\"C9DxTc \">) or on paper.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">The data in the table shows the number of commuters who use bicycles to get to central Inverness (the dot outlined in black).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"zfr3Q CDt4Ke \" dir=\"ltr\"><span class=\"C9DxTc \">Create a flow-line map using the data<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">. You will have to consider the proportional width and locations of the flow lines\/arrows<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">,\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">to avoid overlap<\/span><span class=\"C9DxTc \">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-qWD73c purZT-AhqUyc-II5mzb ZcASvf-AhqUyc-II5mzb pSzOP-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ktthjf-AhqUyc-qWD73c JNdkSc SQVYQc yYI8W HQwdzb\">\n<div class=\"JNdkSc-SmKAyb LkDMRd\">\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype Kzv0Me\">\n<div id=\"h.48aff4ff009a9388_100\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-qWD73c jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec OjCsFc dmUFtb\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"t3iYD\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"CENy8b\" role=\"img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/sitesv\/APaQ0SQDZ3oRhDPzBbM0aBVNQElL4CGsWwikmGFZB11jngnwmn1S9n10skLNFPTD9m22dHeCTpiDYkcQTuyQuk2uuo2xN-o1iAhUrcHO-aewzLTdrXinghtrTT9yqjA1hEvTawpGb0yvj47we22uONd-VnL1utP69LHLw0-TKC2tM_2_4Y-GBi3EaeVjP4UxHVqa4drsDyRZbj0Vjpr9sOsURiBYHISjBE0gG0SG=w1280\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"oKdM2c ZZyype\">\n<div id=\"h.48aff4ff009a9388_102\" class=\"hJDwNd-AhqUyc-qWD73c Ft7HRd-AhqUyc-qWD73c jXK9ad D2fZ2 zu5uec wHaque g5GTcb QaN0Zc QjXeod\">\n<div class=\"jXK9ad-SmKAyb\">\n<div class=\"tyJCtd baZpAe\">\n<div class=\"t3iYD\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"CENy8b\" role=\"img\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/sitesv\/APaQ0SS9bzfmL9cxzQoPMbELuc35zmXtmM9NVmsZMKU0qiBS_ZqlAhuP63qayGGiWKgjToiOtrDif1usQXyMVIr5aRRnw5UVnc6niRuUeZeJ9Mwkxo36TrGzVStCX0xcUqU2nMWkOf9wFwuDKblORAGZpx9Y8-yRrz2ZJbC78mKTYJraj04oRzGcs0sE1od0tr55T2WKJOs-2DydZez3ipjTpenJVLfOfZW500jqMSs=w1280\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Maps &amp; Diagrams It often makes sense, in Geography, to present information on a map. This can range from a simple map in an atlas up to extensive geographical information systems, which allow data to be stored, analysed and presented on much more complex digital maps. We will cover a range of different styles of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":40142,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-791","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/er\/SNHGeographyWebsite\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/791","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/er\/SNHGeographyWebsite\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/er\/SNHGeographyWebsite\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/er\/SNHGeographyWebsite\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/40142"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/er\/SNHGeographyWebsite\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=791"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/er\/SNHGeographyWebsite\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/791\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":793,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/er\/SNHGeographyWebsite\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/791\/revisions\/793"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.glowscotland.org.uk\/er\/SNHGeographyWebsite\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=791"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}